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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Universities Reports. Mathematics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Universities Reports. Mathematics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник российских университетов. Математика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2686-9667</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-3342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Tambov State University - G.R. Derzhavin</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">297329</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20310/2686-9667-2019-24-128-393-431</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Universal algorithms for solving discrete stationary Bellman equations</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Универсальные алгоритмы решения дискретных стационарных уравнений Беллмана</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinov</surname><given-names>Grigory L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинов</surname><given-names>Григорий Лазаревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор физико-математических наук, профессор</p></bio><email>glitvinov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionov</surname><given-names>Аnatoliy Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионов</surname><given-names>Анатолий Яковлевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Teacher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>преподаватель</p></bio><email>ayarodionov@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeev</surname><given-names>Serge˘ı</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеев</surname><given-names>Сергей</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor of the Mathematics School</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент Школы математики</p></bio><email>sergeevs@maths.bham.ac.uk</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sobolevsky</surname><given-names>Andrei N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соболевский</surname><given-names>Андрей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Professor of RAS, Director of the Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор физико-математических наук, профессор РАН, директор Института проблем передачи информации имени А.А. Харкевича РАН</p></bio><email>sobolevski@iitp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Институт проблем передачи информации им. А.А. Харкевича Российской академии наук»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Center for Continuous Mathematical Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский центр непрерывного математического образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University of Birmingham, School of Mathematics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Бирмингема, Школа Математики</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-01-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>128</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 24, NO128 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 24, №128 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>393</fpage><lpage>431</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-20"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Litvinov G.L., Rodionov А.Y., Sergeev S., Sobolevsky A.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Литвинов Г.Л., Родионов А.Я., Сергеев С., Соболевский А.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Litvinov G.L., Rodionov А.Y., Sergeev S., Sobolevsky A.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Литвинов Г.Л., Родионов А.Я., Сергеев С., Соболевский А.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/2686-9667/article/view/297329">https://journals.rcsi.science/2686-9667/article/view/297329</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper investigates algorithms for solving discrete stationary (or) matrix Bellman equations over semirings, in particular over tropical and idempotent semirings, Also there are presented some original algorithms, applications and programmed realization.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В настоящей работе исследуются алгоритмы решения дискретных стационарных (или) матричных уравнений Беллмана над полукольцами, в особенности над тропическими и идемпотентными полукольцами. Также приведены оригинальные алгоритмы, приложения и программная реализация.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tropical linear algebra</kwd><kwd>idempotent semirings</kwd><kwd>matrix Bellman equations</kwd><kwd>universal algorithms</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тропическая линейная алгебра</kwd><kwd>идемпотентные полукольца</kwd><kwd>матричные уравнения Беллмана</kwd><kwd>универсальные алгоритмы</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Дж. Голуб, Ч.Ван Лоун, Матричные вычисления, Мир, М., 2000.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Н.К. Кривулин, Методы идемпотентной алгебры в задачах моделирования и анализа сложных систем, Изд-во СПбГУ, Санкт-Петербург, 2009.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Г. Л. Литвинов, А.Н. 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