Establishment of formal diplomatic relations between China and India

after India's independence, Nehru, adhering to the realist diplomacy of non-alignment, decided to quickly recognize the new China and establish diplomatic relations based on practical necessity. But this decision met with resistance from both inside and outside India. The US government, starting from an attitude of hostility to the new China, advised India to hold off on recognizing the new China. The anti-Chinese forces in India were also sceptical of this policy, believing that recognition of the new China would not bring substantial benefits to India and that caution should be exercised because of the conflict between the two countries over Tibet. There was also a process of change in the new Chinese government's perception of the Indian government. Mao Zedong and other leaders held a negative view of the nature of the regime after India's independence, believing that India's independence, which was not achieved by means of a violent revolution but by a peaceful transfer of power, and that the independence granted to India was therefore not independence in the true and full sense of the word, changed its view with the implementation of the Indian government's non-alignment policy. Finally, the two countries negotiated the formal establishment of diplomatic relations.

Nehru, Mao Zedong, New China, Non-Aligned Policy, Realist Diplomacy, Cold War