<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Studies in Law and Politics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Studies in Law and Politics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Russian Studies in Law and Politics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2576-9634</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2998-8284</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Science and Innovation Center Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">301144</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12731/2576-9634-2025-9-1-227</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BPLNLX</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Genesis of Parliamentarism within a Monarchical Form of Government</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Генезис парламентаризма в рамках монархической формы правления</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-0011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabkova</surname><given-names>Svetlana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябкова</surname><given-names>Светлана Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Candidate of Political Science</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент факультета социальных и гуманитарных наук, кандидат политических наук, доцент<bold> </bold></p></bio><email>rsa1988@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4851-0483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotov</surname><given-names>Ilya E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котов</surname><given-names>Илья Эдуардович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент факультета социальных и гуманитарных наук</p></bio><email>tokkot789@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State University «Dubna»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный университет «Дубна»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>128</fpage><lpage>145</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-15"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-07-15"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Ryabkova S.A., Kotov I.E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Рябкова С.А., Котов И.Э.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ryabkova S.A., Kotov I.E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рябкова С.А., Котов И.Э.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/2576-9634/article/view/301144">https://journals.rcsi.science/2576-9634/article/view/301144</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> The question of the development of parliamentarism in Europe and Russia at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries remains relevant in the context of studying the political modernization of countries and searching for historical parallels with contemporary democratization processes. In the Russian context, P.A. Stolypin's activities are of particular interest. He strived for the modernization of the country but simultaneously employed authoritarian methods of governance, creating tension in relations with the Duma and influencing the development of parliamentarism. The insufficient study of the specifics of Russian parliamentarism during this period, as well as the contradictory assessments of Stolypin's role in this process, determine the relevance of this research.</p> <p><bold>Objective:</bold> To examine the particularities of the establishment of European and Russian parliamentarism in the early 20th century.</p> <p><bold>Methodology.</bold> Historical-genetic, comparative, and institutional methods formed the basis of this research.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> It is concluded that dualism directly contributed to the development of parliamentarism, and, despite the contradictory nature of the situation, the Russian Empire was also moving along the path of parliamentarization.</p> <p><bold>Area of application of results.</bold> The research findings can be useful for analyzing contemporary political processes and searching for optimal ways to develop democratic institutions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Вопрос о развитии парламентаризма в Европе и России на рубеже XIX - XX веков остается актуальным в контексте изучения политической модернизации стран и поиска исторических параллелей с современными процессами демократизации. В российских реалиях особый интерес представляет деятельность П.А. Столыпина, стремившегося к модернизации страны, но одновременно использовавшего авторитарные методы управления, что создавало напряжение в отношениях с Думой и влияло на развитие парламентаризма. Недостаточная изученность специфики российского парламентаризма в этот период, а также противоречивые оценки роли Столыпина в данном процессе обуславливают актуальность исследования.</p> <p><bold>Цель: </bold>изучить особенности становления европейского и российского парламентаризма в начале ХХ века.</p> <p><bold>Метод и методология проведения исследования. </bold>Историко-генетический, сравнительный и институциональный методы послужили основой данного исследования.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Делается вывод о том, что дуализм при монархической форме правления способствовал развитию парламентаризма, и, несмотря на противоречивость сложившейся ситуации, Российская империя двигалась по пути парламентаризации. </p> <p><bold>Область применения результатов. </bold>Выводы исследования могут быть полезны для анализа современных политических процессов и поиска оптимальных путей развития демократических институтов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>monarchy</kwd><kwd>parliamentarism</kwd><kwd>Stolypin</kwd><kwd>State Duma</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>монархия</kwd><kwd>парламентаризм</kwd><kwd>Столыпин</kwd><kwd>Государственная дума</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alexander Ivanovich Guchkov tells ...: Memoirs of the chairman of the State Duma and the military. The Minister of Times. Governments: [Recording of a conversation between A. I. Guchkov and N. A. Bazili]. Moscow: Ed. journal LLP "Issues of history", 1993, 143 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александр Иванович Гучков рассказывает...: Воспоминания пред. Гос. думы и воен. министра Времен. правительства: [Запись беседы А.И. Гучкова с Н.А. Базили]. М.: ТОО Ред. журн. «Вопр. истории». 1993. 143 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baev V.G., Kramskoy V.V. Parliamentarism and the political (state) regime of exercising power: a methodological aspect of the dialectic of the development of two concepts. Sovremennoe pravo [Modern law], 2014, no. 2, pp. 12-19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баев В.Г., Крамской В.В. Парламентаризм и политический (государственный) режим осуществления власти: методологический аспект диалектики развития двух понятий // Современное право. 2014. № 2. С. 12-19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The State Duma. The third convocation. Verbatim reports. Session 4. Part 3. St. Petersburg, 1911. Stb. 2861.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственная Дума. Третий созыв. Стенографические отчеты. Сессия 4. Ч. 3. СПб., 1911. Стб. 2861.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The State Duma. The third convocation. Verbatim reports. Session I. Part 1. St. Petersburg, 1908. Stb. 137-138.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственная Дума. Третий созыв. Стенографические отчеты. Сессия I. Ч. 1. СПб., 1908. Cтб. 137-138.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Darchieva S.V. Modernization processes in the political system of the Russian Empire in the years 1905-1907. Vlast' [Power], 2012, no. 9, pp. 147-150.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дарчиева С.В. Модернизационные процессы в политической системе Российской империи в 1905-1907 годах // Власть. 2012. № 9. С. 147-150.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Demin V.A. Parliamentary activity of A.I. Guchkov. Vestnik Moskovskogo gorodskogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Moscow City Pedagogical University], 2022, no. 4 (48), pp. 27-45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Демин В.А. Парламентская деятельность А.И. Гучкова // Вестник Московского городского педагогического ун-та. 2022. № 4 (48). С. 27-45.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kabytov P.S. P.A. Stolypin and the June Third Monarchy. Izvestija Samarskogo nauchnogo centra Rossijskoj akademii nauk [Proceedings of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. 2011, Vol. 13, no. 3(2), pp. 386-390.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кабытов П.С. П.А. Столыпин и Третьеиюньская монархия // Известия Самарского научного центра РАН. 2011. Т. 13. №3(2). С. 386-390.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kerimov A.A. The Institute of parliamentarism in the legitimization of political power in modern Russia: actors, strategies, resources. Abstract of PhD dissertation. Yekaterinburg, 2018, 344 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Керимов А.А. Институт парламентаризма в легитимации политической власти в современной России: акторы, стратегии, ресурсы: дис. ... д-ра полит. наук. Екатеринбург. 2018. 344 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konovalova L.G. The correlation of legal structures of parliamentarism and the political regime: through the prism of constitutional and legal theory. Uchenye zapiski Altajskogo filiala Rossijskoj akademii narodnogo hozjajstva pri Prezidente Rossijskoj Federacii [Scientific notes of the Altai Branch of the Russian Academy of National Economy under the President of the Russian Federation], 2021, no. 3, pp. 127-134.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коновалова Л.Г. Соотношение юридических конструкций парламентаризма и политического режима: через призму конституционно-правовой теории // Ученые записки Алтайского филиала РАНХиГС. 2021. № 3. С. 127-134.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Merzlyakov S.L. Cooperation between P.A. Stolypin and the III State Duma as an example of the relationship between government and society for modern Russia. Vestnik Povolzhskoj akademii gosudarstvennoj sluzhby [Bulletin of the Volga Academy of Public Administration], 2012, no. 2(31), p. 55-60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мерзляков С.Л. Сотрудничество П.А. Столыпина и III Государственной Думы как пример взаимоотношений власти и общества для современной России // Вестник Поволжской академии государственной службы. 2012. № 2(31). C. 55-60.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Macy D. Land reform and political change: The Stolypin phenomenon. Voprosy istorii [Questions of History], 1993, no. 4, pp. 3-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мэйси Д. Земельная реформа и политические перемены: Феномен Столыпина // Вопросы истории. 1993. №4. С. 3-18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Code of basic state laws of the Russian Empire. St. Petersburg: Book Association "Activist", 1912. Vol. I.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Свод основных государственных законов Российской империи. СПб.: Книжное товарищество «Деятель», 1912. Т. I.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedorova-Kuznetsova I.V. The monarchical system of power in the modern world and its features. Obshhestvo: politika, jekonomika, pravo [Society: politics, economics, law], 2019, no. 9. https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2019.9.5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федорова-Кузнецова И.В. Монархическая система власти в современном мире и ее особенности // Общество: политика, экономика, право. 2019. № 9 https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2019.9.5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greenstein F., Herman V., Stradling R., Zureik E. The Child's Conception of the Queen and the Prime Minister. British Journal of Political Science, 1974, vol. 3, pp. 257-287.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greenstein F., Herman V., Stradling R., Zureik E. The Child's Conception of the Queen and the Prime Minister // British Journal of Political Science. 1974. Vol. 3. P. 257-287.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hosking G. Russia: people and empire, 1552-1917. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1997, 503 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hosking G. Russia: people and empire, 1552-1917. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1997. 503 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Macey, David A. J. Government and Peasant in Russia, 1861-1906: The Prehistory of the Stolypin reform. Northern Illinois univ. press., 1987, 380 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Macey, David A. J. Government and Peasant in Russia, 1861-1906: The Prehistory of the Stolypin reform. Northern Illinois univ. press., 1987. 380 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pipes R.A. Coneise History of the Russian Revolution. Coneise. London, 1995, 431 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pipes R.A. Coneise History of the Russian Revolution. Coneise. London, 1995. 431 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scocozza B. Politikens bog om danske monarker. Copenhagen: Politikens Forlag, 1997, 224 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scocozza B. Politikens bog om danske monarker. Copenhagen: Politikens Forlag, 1997. 224 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strom K. Delegation and accountability in parliamentary democracies. European Journal of Political Research, 2000, vol. 37, pp. 261-289.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strom K. Delegation and accountability in parliamentary democracies // European Journal of Political Research. 2000. Vol. 37. P. 261-289.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The basic laws of Sweden. URL: https://sweden4rus.nu/rus/info/juridisk/konstitucija_shvecii.asp#sub_para_N_10000</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Основные законы Швеции. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://sweden4rus.nu/rus/info/juridisk/konstitucija_shvecii.asp#sub_para_N_10000</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Constitutional Act of Denmark. URL: https://www.thedanishparliament.dk/-/media/sites/ft/pdf/publikationer/the-constitutional-act-of-denmark.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Constitutional Act of Denmark [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://www.thedanishparliament.dk/-/media/sites/ft/pdf/publikationer/the-constitutional-act-of-denmark.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
