确定被刀背厚度为0.1cm的刀刺伤肋骨的形态特征
- 作者: Potankina T.V.1,2, Maksimov A.V.2,3, Lysenko O.V.1,2, Kislov M.A.4
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隶属关系:
- Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination
- Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute
- State University of Education
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov Medical University)
- 期: 卷 9, 编号 4 (2023)
- 页面: 421-428
- 栏目: ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2411-8729/article/view/251336
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/fm15723
- ID: 251336
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论证。在研究肋骨刺伤时，确定痕迹形成物体的所有可能参数和特征对于解决具体的专家问题非常重要。同时，目前还没有关于刀背厚度对肋骨刺伤形态特征影响的数据。
该研究的目的是确定0.1cm厘米厚的刀背在不同撞击角度下造成的刺伤与肋骨分层的形态特征。
材料和方法。本研究是一项实验研究。用一把刀垂直于肋骨平面造成深度为5.4cm的损伤，刀背厚度为0.1cm。研究对象为18至59岁的男女性（其中男性居多）的第IV至VI肋骨前段。特定条件是根据有关刺伤实验的文献分析选定的。实验次数为60次，每次20个损伤，沿肋骨分层、斜向和横向刺入。对宏观观察的结果进行了记录，并考虑到这种结果，作进一步解释。
结果。损伤部位与肋骨骨密质的分层线呈不同角度。对损伤部位进行了宏观检查。外层骨密质板上的损伤呈线状狭缝形。在与骨长度相对的纵向位置，还记录到弧形裂缝形。在柄区形成间隔裂缝时，后者从损伤钝端一角开始发展，在纵向和斜向冲击下沿骨分层扩展，向靠近损伤的骨边缘偏移。在损伤与骨长度的横向位置，间隔裂缝在形态上对应于弯曲变形骨折，向肋骨边缘倾斜。根据刀背窄边的作用，从宏观上看，骨密质和海绵层的磨削区域并不明确，损伤的刀背端呈圆形。在内部骨密质的一侧，损伤的形状多为裂缝状，有些病例由于骨密质肿胀而呈锯齿状。
结论。在评估肋骨外侧和内侧骨板的变形性质时，考虑到骨组织的分层，我们发现了一些肋骨刺伤的局部形态特征在统计学上具有重要意义。通过这些特征，我们可以得出刀背厚度的结论。这些伤痕是由一把刀背厚度为0.1cm的刀造成的。
作者简介
Tatiana V. Potankina
Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination; Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute
Email: tatiana.potankina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5768-6187
SPIN 代码: 1537-8310
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; Moscow
Aleksandr V. Maksimov
Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute; State University of Education
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: mcsim2002@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1936-4448
SPIN 代码: 3134-8457
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; MoscowOleg V. Lysenko
Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination; Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute
Email: lysenkooleg1@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1802-2331
SPIN 代码: 2396-6072
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; MoscowMaksim A. Kislov
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov Medical University)
Email: smedik@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9303-7640
SPIN 代码: 3620-8930
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow参考
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- Krupin KN. Forensic evaluation of the morphology of stab wounds formed by knife blades with various defects of the point: 14.03.05; Russian Center of forensic-medical expertise of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation [dissertation abstract]. Moscow; 2015. 23 p. (In Russ).
- Leonov SV. Differential diagnostics of chopped injuries of skin and flat bones of a skull on the sign of sharpness of a blade: 14.00.24; Russian Center of forensic-medical expertise of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation [dissertation abstract]. Moscow; 2007. 23 p. (In Russ).
- Kislov MA. Identification of piercing and cutting weapons in case of flat bones damage. Ekspert-kriminalist. 2016;(2):6–9.
- Potankina TV, Lysenko OV, Klevno VA. Perspectives of the study of cutting and stabbing damages caused by knives with various spine thicknesses. Russ J Forensic Med. 2022;8(4):67–75. doi: 10.17816/fm696
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