急性和慢性乙醇中毒时白鼠和人类睾丸的形态变化:一项实验和横断面研究

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论证。特别令人感兴趣的是研究乙醇和麻醉物质对男性生殖系统的影响。几乎没有关于酒精中毒时睾丸形态变化的研究。由于目前的男性育龄人群的乙醇消费水平,这不但是一个医疗问题,也是一个社会问题,这个问题在最近的将来是无法解决的。

研究目的是在急性和慢性实验中研究乙醇中毒时性成熟白鼠睾丸形态变化的严重性和动态,并将其与因某种酒精性病而死亡的具有严重乙醇中毒的患者进行比较。

材料与方法。研究的材料是性成熟的白鼠的睾丸,其受急性和慢性酒精中毒(在2周至6个月的期间内),以及酒精中毒时的已故受试者的睾丸,血液中酒精含量至少为千分之五。

结果。在实验和断面材料中,睾丸基质的特点是明显的循环障碍,并发后毛细血管和小静脉的血流饱满和瘀滞、水肿、血管周围和间质硬化。断面材料中精子发生的抑制更明显,证明酒精是所发现变化的主要病因因素。

结论。慢性酒精中毒表现为直接损害因素,包括睾丸的基质和实质,也是损害生殖超级系统的高级部分(丘脑下部和脑下垂体)间接因素。毒害神经的、微血管病变和能量不足的 乙醇影响抑制正常的精子发生。最终,从形态学分析的角度来看,酒精的负面影响表现为睾丸功能减退的形式及睾丸衰竭综合征的形态学表现。

作者简介

Anatolij A. Babanin

V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University; Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky

Email: anatolij.babanin@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8907-6655
SPIN 代码: 7045-4281

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

俄罗斯联邦, Simferopol

Vladimir S. Ulanov

V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University; Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: ylyan4ik@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4096-2787
SPIN 代码: 9556-7520

MD, Cand. Sci (Med.), Associate Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Simferopol

参考

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  8. Solovev AG. The use of rats in modeling alcohol-related organopathology: method. recommendations. Arkhangelsk: Arkhangelsk State Medical Academy; 1997. 15 р. (In Russ).

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2. Fig. 1. Human testicle. Control group. 1 — Leydig cells; 2 — Sertoli cells. Staining with hematoxylin and eosin, ×100.

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3. Fig. 2. Ratte sticle Vistar lines. Transmission electron microscopy: dystrophic changes in all structures of the capillary wall of the testiculesof rats in acute alcohol poisoning are combined with edema and disorganization of their layers (arrow). Endothelial outgrowths on the luminal surface (arrow). Deformation of erythrocytes (arrow).Uranyl acetate and lead citrate, ×3000.

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4. Fig. 3. Rat testicle Vistar lines. Transmission electron microscopy: disintegration of the capillary wall of the testicle of the Wistar rat in a chronic experiment (alcoholization for 3 months) with edematous fluid between the capillary wall and the Leydig cell (arrow). Uranyl acetate and lead citrate, ×3000.

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5. Fig. 4. Human testicle (control group). Poisoning with ethyl alcohol: 1 ― full-blooded, dilated venules and veins; 2 ― testiculosclerosis, periductal fibrosis. Staining with hematoxylin and eosin, ×100.

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