空气中致命性急性全身性冷伤的形态特征
- 作者: Chudakov A.Y.1, Bozhchenko A.P.2, Khrustaleva Y.A.2, Tolmachev I.A.2
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隶属关系:
- Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation
- Kirov Military medical academy
- 期: 卷 8, 编号 3 (2022)
- 页面: 47-55
- 栏目: ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2411-8729/article/view/122466
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/fm742
- ID: 122466
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详细
论证由于地理位置的特殊性，在俄罗斯联邦冷伤在暴力死结构中占据主导地位之一。尽管有大量的研究，但对低体温时人体中发生的病理生理过程的研究仍然不足，包括缺乏专家实践中最常用的诊断征候的精确定量特性。
本研究的目的是阐明和补充致命性急性全身冷伤的特征性和宏观和微观体征的综合。
材料与方法。根据对460具在空中因体温过低而死亡的人的尸体进行的法医鉴定资料，分析了一般低温死亡的形态特征。使用描述性统计方法、内容和形式逻辑方法。
结果。对冷伤的宏观和微观征候进行了详细说明、补充和系统化。给出了专家实践中最常用的诊断相关证候的出现频度（可探测性）的定量评估。已经确定，全身体温过低导致的主要死亡迹象包括“外壳”缺血，包括多血症和身体“核心”浮肿，血浓缩并伴有凝块，微血栓和大血栓与内部器官（大脑、脑膜、心脏、肺、肾脏、胃等）的出血，各种肌肉群的痉挛（僵硬），内脏器官的营养性和坏死性变化。
结论。所查明的般急性深低温导致的死亡迹象扩大了对此类创伤的特征和病理迹象的现有想法，并允许在尸体的法医学鉴定期间对死因进行可靠的鉴别诊断。
作者简介
Alexandr Y. Chudakov
Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation
Email: chief.chudakow@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3443-7908
SPIN 代码: 2822-8027
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgAlexandr P. Bozhchenko
Kirov Military medical academy
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: bozhchenko@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7841-0913
SPIN 代码: 1110-0515
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgYulia A. Khrustaleva
Kirov Military medical academy
Email: khrustaleva-julia@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5282-7219
SPIN 代码: 3622-5270
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgIgor A. Tolmachev
Kirov Military medical academy
Email: 5154324@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5893-520X
SPIN 代码: 5794-9030
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor
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