№ 11 (149) (2023)

In the experimental studies of the structure of the special coating layer overlaid on metal applying gas-thermal spraying technique, one of the main methods is the study of polished specimen micrography. According to the computer analysis of microphotographs, it is possible to obtain the distribution function of inhomogeneities in the sample. However, since micrography is a flat image, the resulting function will be two-dimensional, whereas in a real sample, the distribution of defects is described by a three-dimensional function. In this paper, the problem of the space function recovery for the distribution of defects in a gas-thermal coating is viewed on the basis of the analysis of polished specimen micrography. The actual inclusion of an irregular shape is replaced by an effective three-axis ellipsoid. The problem is solved in the general form of reduction of the space function f of inhomogeneities distribution according to their distribution function f P on the cross - sectional plane P, which includes some integral transformation I. It is shown that in the special case of spherical particles, the inversion I^(-1) exists and is an integral transformation of the same type as I. The space distribution of spherical particles is also viewed, which does not depend on the longitudinal coordinate z, where particle sizes are limited at each point by a function R(x,y), depending on the coordinates. This distribution is suitable in its essense to the stationary spraying technology, when in deep layers near the substrate, the coating material melts completely and forms a single melt, while closer to the surface and edges, the parts that are not completely melted form inclusions of noticeable sizes. The reduction of the Fuller distribution law, used to optimize the granulometric composition of powder materials, is viewed as a second example. It is found that the reduction of the density of the ellipsoid distribution function to the section of a flat strip transfers the density of the distribution of centers as original, and the product of Fuller distributions times independent parameters is transformed into the product of distributions times the opposite degree parameters and also the previous values of the parameters of the ellipsoid

Materials and materials with magnetic properties are one of the mainstays of the world of mankind. Magnets are the key elements of most devices used in industry, science and technology. The development of permanent magnet manufacturing technology taking into account the maximum efficiency of the generated magnetic field with a minimum size of the magnet can be divided into two key directions: changing the composition of the magnet and changing the shape of the magnetic field. The research in this paper is aimed at developing a technology for manufacturing shaped magnets for controlling the shape of the magnetic field. Modern production technologies actively use various software products to simulate the design, composition, physical and chemical properties of the final product. For more precise manufacturing and minimization of post-processing, 3-D automated complexes are used, that make it possible to produce a finished product. Manual labor is gradually being replaced by machine labor, and the role of man at the place of production is gradually changing. Large-scale production begins to use robotic systems and conveyors, which significantly increases productivity, reduces costs and the influence of the human factor on the quality of the finished product. The market of additive technologies has been growing at an increasing pace in recent years. The paper considers the application of additive technologies for obtaining materials of complex shape with magnetic properties. The substantiation and solutions of the main obstacles in the development of a new technology for the manufacture of shaped magnetic materials are proposed. Technological solutions and equipment giving the possibility to obtain magnetic materials through the use of additive technologies make a motion.

It is emphasized that the traditional job shop production is characterized by low efficiency due to the use of superuniversal machining facilities for their underemployment of performance capabilities at work and also low-productivity of process flowsheet when machining part surfaces as a sequential surfaced job, the organizational form of production in the form of sections by type of machine tools, i.e. a section of lathes, a section of milling machines, etc. It results in large travel length of workpieces in the machining process at work. The desire to increase the efficiency of production by organizing launch of batch workpieces that are formed in a constructive similarity, such as structures, parts of rotation body types, etc., does not have a significant effect, because the task is just minimizing the run time spent on changing fixtures and reinstalling workpieces, but not taking into account an optimal sequence of parts in the batch. For increasing the efficiency of small-scale production, the module technology is proposed. The main idea of it is to represent the part not as a network of separate surfaces, but as surface modules, where the surface module is understood as a combination of surfaces and the part performs its proper function with the help of this module. This enables a good specialization of workplaces that are organized not for processing methods, but for manufacturing the appropriate groups of surface modules. The latter make it possible to take advantage of a more productive process flowsheet for machining part surfaces. It is sequential parallel surface job that is used. When organizing production, it becomes possible to use the layout of workplaces in line according to the in-line method, which will significantly reduce the part travel length at workplaces.

A large number of polymer parts, used in railway transport, operating in difficult conditions, significantly wear off caused by conditions in open friction units, having dust loading and other contamination without any liquid lubrication. Existing technologies, used for solving this problem, aimed at making just the material of the part, which results in a change in the operational properties of the whole part, but there is no technology that will be useful in changing the operational properties of the surface layer itself. In order for a decision to be adopted on, a new procedure specification is being developed to improve the performance characteristics of ready-made polymer parts. This technology consists in filling their surface layer with an oil mixture to a given depth of approved wear. One of the most important stages in the development of this technological process is the determination of various conditions and operating modes necessary to ensure the parameters of this operating procedure. For that purpose, the objective function of two parameters is formed in the work. In this paper, the criteria for evaluating the parameters of the specification procedure of oil filling are determined. The analytical calculations and experimental studies are performed for the boundary delimination of the parameters and temperature limits for the application of the filling mixture based on the temperature of its boiling and evaporation of hexane. Due to certain initial and boundary conditions, the recommended operating modes for performing the specification procedure of oil filling are determined. The result of the work was the determination of the specific boundaries of the objective function of two parameters and the order of the stages of the procedure, which allows ensuring its stability and performance.