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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pharmateca</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pharmateca</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фарматека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-4034</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9128</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">368205</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/pharmateca.2025.9.144-150</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Oncology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Онкология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The impact of p53 protein expression on the achievement of complete pathomorphism in neoadjuvant drug therapy for early HER2-positive breast cancer (results of a retrospective single-center study)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние экспрессии белка р53 на достижение полного лечебного патоморфоза на неоадъювантную лекарственную терапию раннего HER2-позитивного рака молочной железы (результаты ретроспективного одноцентрового исследования)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1516-6110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuts</surname><given-names>Ivan N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куц</surname><given-names>Иван Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oncologist, Oncosurgical Department No. 71 (General Oncology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-онколог онкохирургического отделения № 71 (общей онкологии)</p></bio><email>vanya-kuts97@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4460-9136</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7795-6512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>Konstantin S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>Константин Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Leading Researcher, Professor, Department of Oncology and Roentgenology named after V.P. Kharchenko</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий науч. сотр., профессор кафедры онкологии и рентгенорадиологии имени В.П. Харченко</p></bio><email>vanya-kuts97@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9877-1078</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karseladze</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карселадзе</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Аполлонович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Research Fellow, Surgeon, Oncosurgical Department No. 71 (General Oncology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, науч. сотр., врач-хирург онкохирургического отделения № 71 (общей онкологии)</p></bio><email>vanya-kuts97@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8613-9609</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakurdaev</surname><given-names>Evgeny I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Закурдаев</surname><given-names>Евгений Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Pathologist, Pathology Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, врач-патологоанатом патологоанатомического отделения</p></bio><email>vanya-kuts97@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5366-1281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>Sergey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>Сергей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Deputy Chief Physician for Oncology, Leading Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заместитель главного врача по онкологии, ведущий науч. сотр., профессор кафедры хирургии хирургического факультета</p></bio><email>vanya-kuts97@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7735-1106</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedinsky</surname><given-names>Ivan N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебединский</surname><given-names>Иван Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Head of Oncosurgical Department No. 71 (General Oncology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший науч. сотр., зав. онкохирургическим отделением № 71 (общей онкологии)</p></bio><email>vanya-kuts97@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0584-8657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chizhikov</surname><given-names>Nikita P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чижиков</surname><given-names>Никита Павлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pathologist, Head of the Pathology Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-патологоанатом, зав. патологоанатомическим отделением</p></bio><email>vanya-kuts97@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3865-0046</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatarova</surname><given-names>Angelina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татарова</surname><given-names>Ангелина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Surgeon, Oncosurgical Department No. 71 (General Oncology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-хирург онкохирургического отделения № 71 (общей онкологии)</p></bio><email>vanya-kuts97@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0477-7690</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Roshchin</surname><given-names>Fedor Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рощин</surname><given-names>Федор Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Independent Specialist, Statistical Consultant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>независимый специалист, консультант по статистике</p></bio><email>vanya-kuts97@yandex.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S.P. Botkin Moscow Multidisciplinary Research and Clinical Center of the Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр имени С.П. Боткина ДЗМ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>144</fpage><lpage>150</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-18"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/2073-4034/article/view/368205">https://journals.rcsi.science/2073-4034/article/view/368205</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background: </bold>Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is currently the gold standard for the treatment of early HER2-positive breast cancer (BC). However, only patients who achieve a complete pathological response (pCR) benefit from overall survival and progression-free survival (OS and PFS). The question of which patients should begin treatment with neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) and which should be treated initially with surgery remains a matter of debate.</p> <p><bold>Objective:</bold> Determination of the role of tumor p53 expression in achieving pCR after NAT in patients with early HER2-positive breast cancer by review prepared histological biopsy specimens for p53 expression determination, followed by a logistic regression analysis of the resulting database to calculate the relationship between achieving complete pathological response and the presence of p53 expression.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods: </bold>A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 50 patients who received combination or comprehensive treatment for early (cT1-3N0-2M0) HER2-positive breast cancer in the General Oncology Department, S.P. Botkin Moscow Multidisciplinary Research and Clinical Center of the Moscow Healthcare Department, over a 4-year period from 2021 to 2024. All patients were assessed for p53 protein expression in preoperative biopsy specimens using immunohistochemistry assay. The presence or absence of p53 protein expression was analyzed and correlated with the achievement of pCR.</p> <p><bold>Results: </bold>The presence of p53 protein expression significantly increases the likelihood of achieving a complete pathological response (pCR=1). OR=9.33 indicates that patients with p53 expression have a 9-fold higher chance of pCR than patients without it. The result is statistically significant (p=0.0024), confirming the role of p53 protein expression as a strong predictor of response to NAT.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion: </bold>p53 protein expression is a significant predictor of achieving a complete pathological response (RCB = 0) after effective NAT.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование: </bold>В настоящее время неоадъювантная терапия (НАТ) является золотым стандартом лечения раннего HER2-позитивного рака молочной железы (РМЖ). Однако выигрыш в общей выживаемости и выживаемости без прогрессирования (ОВ и ВБП) получают только пациенты, достигшие полного патоморфологического ответа (pCR). До сих пор предметом обсуждения остаётся: каким пациентам лечение следует начинать с неоадъювантной терапии (НАТ), а каким – изначально с хирургического лечения.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования: </bold>определить роль наличия экспрессии белка р53 опухоли в реализации pCR после НАТ у пациенток с ранним HER2-позитивным раком молочной железы.</p> <p><bold>Задачи исследования:</bold> пересмотр готовых гистологических препаратов биопсийного материала для определения экспрессии белка р53 с последующим проведением логистического регрессионного анализа сформированной базы данных для вычисления зависимости достижения полного патоморфоза от наличия экспрессии белка р53.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы:</bold> ретроспективный анализ историй болезни 50 пациенток, получивших комбинированное или комплексное лечение по поводу раннего (сT1-3N0-2M0) HER2-позитивного РМЖ в отделении общей онкологии ГБУЗ ММНКЦ им. С.П. Боткина ДЗМ в 4-летний временной период с 2021 по 2024 г. У всех пациенток иммуногистохимическим (ИГХ) методом оценивалось наличие экспрессии белка р53 на дооперационных биопсийных препаратах, проводился анализ и корреляция достижения pCR с наличием или отсутствием экспрессии белка р53.</p> <p><bold>Результаты: </bold>Наличие экспрессии белка p53 значительно увеличивает вероятность достижения полного патоморфологи-ческого ответа (pCR=1). OR=9,33 указывает на то, что у пациентов с экспрессией р53 шансы на pCR в 9 раз выше, чем у пациентов без нее. Результат статистически значим (p = 0,0024), что подтверждает роль экспрессии белка р53 как сильного предиктора ответа на НАТ.</p> <p><bold>Заключение: </bold>Экспрессия белка р53 является значимым предиктором достижения полного лечебного патоморфоза (RCB=0) после эффективной НАТ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>TP53</kwd><kwd>p53</kwd><kwd>early breast cancer</kwd><kwd>neoadjuvant therapy</kwd><kwd>complete therapeutic pathomorphism</kwd><kwd>HER2-positive subtype</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>TP53</kwd><kwd>p53</kwd><kwd>ранний рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>неоадъювантная терапия</kwd><kwd>полный лечебный патоморфоз</kwd><kwd>HER2-позитивный подтип</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена без спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2023 году (заболеваемость и смертность). 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