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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pharmateca</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pharmateca</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фарматека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-4034</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9128</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">368193</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/pharmateca.2025.9.54-58</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Rheumatology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Ревматология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Sequential therapy for immune reconstitution in multiple sclerosis: a clinical case of use of cladribine tablets after alemtuzumab</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Последовательная терапия иммунной реконституции при рассеянном склерозе: клинический случай применения кладрибина в таблетках после алемтузумаба</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3718-2608</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponevezhskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поневежская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Interdistrict Department of Multiple Sclerosis (IDMS)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Межокружное отделение рассеянного склероза (МОРС)</p></bio><email>ponevej@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8294-0893</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydovskaya</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдовская</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Interdistrict Department of Multiple Sclerosis (IDMS)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Межокружное отделение рассеянного склероза (МОРС)</p></bio><email>ponevej@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9964-8103</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kukushkina</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кукушкина</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Interdistrict Department of Multiple Sclerosis (IDMS)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Межокружное отделение рассеянного склероза (МОРС)</p></bio><email>ponevej@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-4736</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lysogorskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лысогорская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Interdistrict Department of Multiple Sclerosis (IDMS)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Межокружное отделение рассеянного склероза (МОРС)</p></bio><email>ponevej@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3828-5374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gosteva</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гостева</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Interdistrict Department of Multiple Sclerosis (IDMS)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Межокружное отделение рассеянного склероза (МОРС)</p></bio><email>ponevej@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9979-4140</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ponevej@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Clinical Hospital named after. M.E. Zhadkevich</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГКБ им. М.Е. Жадкевича</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Clinical Hospital No. 24, Moscow</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГКБ № 24, г. Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-18"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/2073-4034/article/view/368193">https://journals.rcsi.science/2073-4034/article/view/368193</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of alemtuzumab in the treatment of multiple sclerosis may be limited by the development of autoimmune complications and the persistence of disease activity in some patients. In such situations, the strategy of repeated courses of the drug is not always effective due to the possible formation of neutralizing antibodies, and anti-B-cell therapy has limitations associated with concomitant pathology. The literature describes the possibility of sequential use of two drugs from the class of immune reconstitution therapy - alemtuzumab and cladribine tablets, which allows achieving clinical and neuroimaging stabilization without the need for constant treatment. We present a clinical case of a patient with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, who, after two courses of alemtuzumab, remained active and developed autoimmune complications. Sequential therapy with cladribine tablets ensured control of the disease, stabilization of the neurological status and neuroimaging data, as well as the absence of serious infectious complications. This experience confirms the potential effectiveness and safety of the “alemtuzumab → cladribine tablets” strategy, but emphasizes the need for further accumulation of clinical data to assess its place in the therapeutic arsenal.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Применение алемтузумаба в терапии рассеянного склероза может быть ограничено развитием аутоиммунных осложнений и сохранением активности заболевания у части пациентов. В подобных ситуациях стратегия повторных курсов препарата не всегда эффективна из-за возможного формирования нейтрализующих антител, а анти-B-клеточная терапия имеет ограничения, связанные с сопутствующей патологией. В литературе описана возможность последовательного применения двух препаратов из класса терапии иммунной реконституции – алемтузумаба и кладрибина в таблетках, что позволяет достичь клинико-нейровизуализационной стабилизации без необходимости постоянного лечения. Мы представляем клинический случай пациентки с высокоактивным ремиттирующим рассеянным склерозом, у которой после двух курсов алемтузумаба сохранялась активность заболевания и развились аутоиммунные осложнения. Проведение последовательной терапии кладрибином в таблетках обеспечило контроль заболевания, стабилизацию неврологического статуса и данных нейровизуализации, а также отсутствие серьёзных инфекционных осложнений. Данный опыт подтверждает потенциальную эффективность и безопасность стратегии «алемтузумаб → кладрибин в таблетках», однако подчёркивает необходимость дальнейшего накопления клинических данных для оценки её места в терапевтическом арсенале.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>alemtuzumab</kwd><kwd>cladribine tablets</kwd><kwd>immune reconstitution therapy</kwd><kwd>autoimmune complications</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>алемтузумаб</kwd><kwd>кладрибин в таблетках</kwd><kwd>терапия иммунной реконституции</kwd><kwd>аутоиммунные осложнения</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Rolla S., Maglione A., De Mercanti S.F., Clerico M. The meaning of immune reconstitution after alemtuzumab therapy in multiple sclerosis. 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