Seasonal changes in feeding and relative condition factors of Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in a stretch of the middle reaches of the Yenisei River

Resumo

The seasonal dynamics of feeding spectra and diet of Arctic graying in a stretch of the middle reaches of the Yenisei River (from the dam of the Krasnoyarsk HPP to the mouth of the Kan River) was studied in 2009–2013. Its connection with the food-supply state and fish growth has been traced. It has been shown that the intensity of fish feeding is relatively stable throughout the year, despite significant fluctuations in zoobenthos biomass. The contribution of groups dominating in diet (amphipods and larvae of caddisflies) changes depending on the month. Amphipods prevail in the diet of fish during the period from June to October and caddisflies prevail in the winter and spring months. Among caddisflies, selective feeding on a small species, Apatania crymophila, has been revealed. The change of the primary diet component during the summer period corresponds to a sharp increase in the coefficients of relative condition factors with a peak in August–September. It has been assumed that changes in the ratio of weight and linear sizes of fish are associated not only with an increase in the water temperature, but also with the grayling switching to the consumption of amphipods with a higher nutrition value.