Анестезия и аналгезия при операциях по поводу грыжи передней брюшной стенки: обзор

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Аннотация

Вентральные грыжи, или грыжи передней брюшной стенки, являются актуальной хирургической проблемой. Важный аспект качественного восстановления пациента после данного оперативного вмешательства — правильный выбор анестезиологической тактики и эффективный контроль боли. Проведён поиск в медицинских базах данных, таких как PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, eLibrary. В данном обзоре представлен анализ данных клинических исследований и метаанализов, посвящённых различным методам анестезии при операциях по поводу герниопластики грыж передней брюшной стенки. Особое внимание уделяется регионарной анестезии, которая в настоящее время считается весьма перспективным методом эффективного и безопасного обеспечения высокого качества обезболивания. Современные исследования показывают, что использование регионарной анестезии снижает риск осложнений, связанных с применением опиоидных препаратов, а также уменьшает срок госпитализации пациентов по сравнению с эпидуральной, спинальной и общей анестезией.

Наиболее детально изучены такие техники регионарной анестезии, как блокада мышцы, выпрямляющей позвоночник (erector spinae plane block), и блокада поперечного пространства живота (transabdominal plane block). Однако вопрос выбора оптимального метода анестезии при герниопластике вентральных грыж остаётся дискуссионным. Для определения золотого стандарта требуется проведение дальнейших исследований в этой области.

Об авторах

Ольга Евгеньевна Романова

Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: rom.olga21@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2898-1528
SPIN-код: 5963-7932
Россия, Москва

Антон Александрович Алексеев

Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)

Email: aalekseev.aa@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-8598-7928
SPIN-код: 2536-1337
Россия, Москва

Анастасия Андреевна Максимова

Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)

Email: am9165577382@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-5260-6833
SPIN-код: 9576-9598
Россия, Москва

Андрей Георгиевич Яворовский

Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)

Email: yavorovskiy_a_g@staff.sechenov.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5103-0304
SPIN-код: 1343-9793

д-р мед. наук

Россия, Москва

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