Long-term dynamics of the physical development of children in Russia

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AIM: This study aimed to conduct comprehensive scientific research to monitor the physical development of children in Russia aged 55 years from 1965 to 2021 and characterize the current state of acceleration activities.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted in 2021 as part of the all-Russian population monitoring of the physical development of schoolchildren aged 7–17 years. A total of 30,965 boys and 33,290 girls were examined. The standard anthropometric technique, tools, and statistical processing were used. The subjects of the Russian Federation for which there were archival published data were selected to analyze the long-term dynamics of the physical development of child population. The monitoring parameters included data about the climatic-geographical and socio-economic characteristics of the regions. The conducted study did not endanger the participants, and it complied with the requirements of biomedical ethics and the statements of the Declaration of Helsinki. Statistica 13 PL (StatSoft, USA) was used for data processing.

RESULTS: In the prognostic model for the formation of indicators of physical development of children, the leading factor (p ≤0.05) is age–gender characteristics (β-coefficient=4.06–5.04), and the second significant factor is the index of social development of the region (β-coefficient=0.37–0.47). Living in regions with insufficient insolation (β-coefficient=−0.44) and living in rural areas (β-coefficient=−0.44) are also considered as significant factors for boys.

DISCUSSION: “Regional scenarios” are observed in the physical development of children; therefore, the regional standards for the physical development of children must be updated every 10–20 years.

CONCLUSIONS: In the second decade of the XXI century, no manifestations of deceleration with gracilization are recorded at the end of the XX century in the physical development of the child population of Russia. The activity of acceleration with disharmonious manifestations has been addressed. Data about the physical development of children in Russia, which were analyzed in the dynamics of 55 years of observation, indicate that “regional scenarios” are associated with the influence of climatic, geographic, and socio-economic factors.

作者简介

Valeriy Popov

N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University

Email: 9038504004@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5386-9082
SPIN 代码: 8896-9019

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Voronezh

Igor Ushakov

A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: iushakov@fmbcfmba.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0270-8622
SPIN 代码: 7120-1771

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, RAS member

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Sergey Levushkin

Institute of Age Physiology

Email: ivfrao@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0866-0014
SPIN 代码: 1011-2140

Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Oleg Zhukov

Institute of Age Physiology

Email: ivfrao@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5879-2387
SPIN 代码: 8847-5922

PhD (Pedagogy), Associated Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Natalya Skoblina

Institute of Age Physiology; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: skoblina_dom@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7348-9984
SPIN 代码: 4269-6361

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Body height of 15-year-old boys in the regions of Russia in the long-term follow-up dynamics, cm.

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3. Fig. 2. Body weight of 15-year-old boys in the regions of Russia in the long-term follow-up dynamics, kg.

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4. Fig. 3. Body height of 15-year-old girls in the regions of Russia in the long-term follow-up dynamics, cm.

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5. Fig. 4. Body weight of 15-year-old girls in the regions of Russia in the long-term follow-up dynamics, kg.

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6. Fig. 5. Body mass index of 15-year-old boys and girls in the regions of Russia, kg/m2.

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7. Fig. 6. Nomograms of body mass index for boys, kg/m2.

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8. Fig. 7. Nomograms of body mass index for girls, kg/m2.

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版权所有 © Popov V.I., Ushakov I.B., Levushkin S.P., Zhukov O.F., Skoblina N.A., 2022

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