慢性照射女性外周血T淋巴细胞中X染色体畸变的远期观察:一项初步研究
- 作者: Akhmadullina Y.R.1, Krivoshchapova Y.V.1
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隶属关系:
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency
- 期: 卷 31, 编号 10 (2024)
- 页面: 709-720
- 栏目: ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1728-0869/article/view/314548
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco642556
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/UTGARA
- ID: 314548
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背景。由于居住在放射性核素污染地区而导致的慢性辐射暴露,是当今社会面临的重要问题之一。电离辐射会显著增加白血病、实体性恶性肿瘤及其他疾病的发生风险。当前研究认为,多种人类疾病与体细胞嵌合性突变密切相关,尤其是涉及性染色体的突变。X染色体在免疫系统功能和自身免疫过程的调控中发挥关键作用,其非整倍体现象被认为与多种躯体疾病相关。此前针对Southern Ural地区受照人群的细胞遗传效应研究显示,X染色体在微核形成中参与比例较高,因此本研究决定进一步深入分析X染色体的畸变情况。
目的。评估慢性辐射暴露女性在远期观察中外周血T淋巴细胞中X染色体的染色体内与染色体间畸变情况。
材料与方法。本初步研究纳入5名曾在南乌拉尔地区长期接受慢性辐射暴露的女性,平均年龄为74.0±0.8岁,红骨髓平均累积剂量为1.35±0.30 Gy。对照组包括5名女性,平均年龄为66.3±1.2岁,红骨髓平均累积剂量为0.010±0.006 Gy(范围0–0.03 Gy)。 对照组为居住在社会经济条件相似地区的女性,其整个观察期间红骨髓的累积受照剂量不超过70 mGy。采用多色带染色(mBAND)技术分析X染色体相关的染色体畸变,畸变频率按基因组当量计算,分析中考虑供体年龄因素。同时还评估了X染色体非整倍体细胞的频率。
结果。受照女性X染色体畸变频率显著高于对照组(0.100±0.036 vs 0.019±0.011,U=3, p=0.0476)。此外,受照组的畸变类型更为多样,观察到环状染色体、等臂染色体及可能由染色体粉碎形成的异常结构。受照女性的X染色体非整倍体细胞平均频率与对照组相比无统计学显著差异(p=0.4),但可能存在个体间差异。
结论。研究结果提示,在慢性辐射暴露下,受照人群可能经历更为活跃的突变过程。针对在Southern Ural地区长期接受辐射暴露女性外周血T淋巴细胞中X染色体畸变的研究具有前景,有必要继续深入开展相关研究。
作者简介
Yulia R. Akhmadullina
Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: akhmadullina.yul@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4394-2228
SPIN 代码: 3511-3838
Cand. Sci. (Biology)
俄罗斯联邦, 68a Vorovskogo st, Chelyabinsk, 454141Yana V. Krivoshchapova
Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency
Email: yana_ho@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2555-2616
SPIN 代码: 9194-3604
俄罗斯联邦, 68a Vorovskogo st, Chelyabinsk, 454141
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