Features of cognitive mental processes and neurodynamic properties of the central nervous system in firefighters depending on polymorphisms of the regulators’ genes of the brain monoamine system
- Authors: Kriyt V.E.1, Sannikov M.V.2, Gudkov A.B.3, Sladkova Y.N.1, Nikanov A.N.1, Pyatibrat A.O.4
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Affiliations:
- North-West Public Health Research Center
- Nikiforov’s All-Russian Center for Emergency and Radiation Medicine
- Northern State Medical University
- Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University
- Issue: Vol 29, No 6 (2022)
- Pages: 437-456
- Section: ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1728-0869/article/view/83528
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco83528
- ID: 83528
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Firefighters' performance of their occupational duties is associated with significant psycho-emotional stress, as well as the complex influence of harmful and dangerous factors that are a source of risk to their health and life. One of the most important modern tasks of vocational training of employees in the EMERCOM of Russia is the problem of assessing psychophysiological reserves. Currently, traditional methods of psychological and psychophysiological testing do not allow a full assessment of psychophysiological reserves because the degree of adaptation to extreme loads is determined by hereditary traits.
AIM: To study the features of cognitive mental processes and neurodynamic properties of the central nervous system in firefighters that depend on the polymorphisms of the regulators genes of the monoamine system of the brain.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Methodologically, 453 people were examined, of which 234 were the main group (firefighters), and 219 were the control group. Assessment was conducted using the following methods: "Correction test with Landolt rings", "Münsterberg test", "Schulte tables", "Reaction to a moving object", "Simple visual-motor reaction", and KR-3-85 test batteries. Genotyping was performed using five candidate genes of 5-HTTLPR or 5HTT, 5HT2A, COMT, DRD1, and DRD2/ANKK1.
RESULTS: The results of indicators of attention, neurodynamic properties of the central nervous system, and cognitive mental processes, depending on the nature of the occupational tasks performed and employment duration, indicates the strain of the functional systems of the body during long-term work (more than five years) in the main study group (firefighters). Firefighters carrying 5HTT L/L, 5HT2A C/C, COMT Val/Val, and DRD2/ANKK1 Glu/Glu genotypes have significantly higher rates than those of 5HTT S/S, 5HT2A Т/Т genotypes, COMT Met/Met, and DRD2/ANKK1 Lis/Lis, and at the same time lower indicators compared to individuals with similar genotypes from the control group.
CONCLUSION: The data obtained indicate the feasibility of practical application of studies of the 5HTT, 5HT2A, and DRD2/ANKK1 genes. Changes in the level of attention and neurodynamic properties of the central nervous system depending on the polymorphic variants of the DRD1 gene were not observed. The indicators of cognitive mental processes in the control and main groups differed depending on the polymorphic variants of the COMT gene.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Vladimir E. Kriyt
North-West Public Health Research Center
Author for correspondence.
Email: vladimirkriit@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1530-4598
SPIN-code: 8249-9420
Scopus Author ID: 39361885200
Cand. Sci. (Chem.)
Russian Federation, Saint PetersburgMaksim V. Sannikov
Nikiforov’s All-Russian Center for Emergency and Radiation Medicine
Email: smakv@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3969-9501
SPIN-code: 3663-4650
Scopus Author ID: 57209200086
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg
Andrey B. Gudkov
Northern State Medical University
Email: gudkovab@nsmu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5923-0941
SPIN-code: 4369-3372
Scopus Author ID: 34876731200
Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor
Russian Federation, ArkhangelskYuliya N. Sladkova
North-West Public Health Research Center
Email: Sladkova.julia@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1745-2663
SPIN-code: 1892-2912
Scopus Author ID: 55925196200
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg
Aleksandr N. Nikanov
North-West Public Health Research Center
Email: a.nikanov@s-znc.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3335-4721
SPIN-code: 6838-5002
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg
Alexander O. Pyatibrat
Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University
Email: a5brat@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6285-1132
SPIN-code: 9812-4780
Scopus Author ID: 57203367911
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), associate professor
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