Сlinical and epidemiological characteristics of botulism
- Authors: Cherenova L.P.1, Matsuy A.V.2, Cherenov I.V.3
-
Affiliations:
- Astrakhan State Medical University
- Regional Infectious Clinical Hospital Named A.M. Nichogi
- Specialized Clinical Children’s Infectious Diseases Hospital
- Issue: Vol 23, No 1 (2021)
- Pages: 67-72
- Section: Clinical trials
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1682-7392/article/view/56336
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/brmma56336
- ID: 56336
Cite item
Abstract
Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of botulism in the Astrakhan region for the period from 2013 to 2019 are presented. 37 people with a diagnosis of Botulism were under observation. It was found that most often (28 (75.7%) cases) patients associated their disease with the use of canned home-made products. Canned vegetables (cucumbers, tomatoes, vegetable salad, eggplant, cabbage) were consumed by 18 (48.7%) people, mushrooms — 10 (27%), dried fish — 7 (18.9%), herring-balyk — 1 (2.7%) and home-made liver pate-1 (2.7%) patient. The incubation period in the observed patients was on average 2.4 days. It lasted 1–2 days in 24 (64.9%) patients, 3-5 days in 12 (32.4%) patients, and 6 days in 1 (2.7%) patient. According to the severity of the condition, 17 (45.9%) patients were hospitalized in the intensive care unit. Severe course of the disease was in 17 (45.9%) patients, moderate-in 20 (54.1%) patients. Early and persistent symptoms in all patients were marked muscle weakness, in 78.4% of patients — dizziness, in 83.8% of patients — difficulty walking and unsteadiness of gait. In 34 (91.9%) patients, the most pronounced symptoms were ophthalmoplegic: blurred vision, fog, «flies» in front of the eyes, inability to read the text. In General, up to 10 cases of botulism are registered annually in the Astrakhan region. Almost half of the patients (45.9%) have severe botulism. The disease is mostly sporadic and is associated with the use of canned vegetables and home-made mushrooms. In addition, cases of botulism associated with the use of dried fish have become more frequent in the Astrakhan region. Late hospitalization was observed in 1/3 of patients (11 (29.7%) cases) with botulism. This is due to untimely diagnosis at the pre-hospital stage and late access of patients to medical care.
Keywords
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Lelya P. Cherenova
Astrakhan State Medical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: cherenovalp@mail.ru
Сandidate of medical sciences
Russian Federation, AstrakhanAnna V. Matsuy
Regional Infectious Clinical Hospital Named A.M. Nichogi
Email: gpg222@mail.ru
Head of department
Russian Federation, AstrakhanIgor V. Cherenov
Specialized Clinical Children’s Infectious Diseases Hospital
Email: cherenovigor76@mail.ru
Сandidate of medical sciences
Russian Federation, KrasnodarReferences
- Zhukova SI, Habarova IA, Toporkov AV, et al. Sovershenstvovanie ekstrennoj profilaktiki i lecheniya opasnyh infekcij s pomoshch’yu immunomodulyatorov. Astrahanskij medicinskij zhurnal. 2019;14(3):20–36. (In Russ.)
- Noskova OA, Zagoskina TYu, Ul’danova DS, Dubina LE. Kliniko-epidemiologicheskie osobennosti botulizma v Zabajkal’skom krae. Epidemiologiya i vakcinoprofilaktika. 2013;6(73):45–48 (In Russ.)
- Salieva ST. Epidemiologicheskaya harakteristika gruppovoj vspyshki pishchevogo botulizma. Medicina Kyrgyzstana. 2018;1:78–81. (In Russ.)
- Shkurba AV. Botulizm (klinicheskaya lekciya). Klinicheskaya infektologiya i parazitologiya. 2012;1(01):54–70. (In Russ.)
- Bondarev AV. K voprosu o diagnostike botulizma. Sovremennye naukoemkie tekhnologii. 2009;9:81–82. (In Russ.)
- Urazbahtina ZA. Taktika neotlozhnoj pomoshchi pri botulizme. Klinicheskaya medicina. 2014;92(1):57–59. (In Russ.)
- Eruslanov BV. Botulizm: harakteristika vozbuditelya i laboratornye metody ego diagnostiki. Bakteriologiya. 2018;3(4):47–59. (In Russ.)
- ZHuravlev YuV. Osobennosti techeniya botulizma. Klinicheskij slucha. Byulleten’ medicinskih internet-konferencij. 2013;3(3):772. (In Russ.)
- Makarova IV, Osipov AV, Ioanidi EA. Kliniko-epidemiologicheskaya harakteristika pishchevogo botulizma v Volgograde. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo medicinskogo universiteta. 2014;1(49):52–53. (In Russ.)
- Fateeva IS, Shel’menceva LI. Kliniko-epidemiologicheskaya harakteristika botulizma v gorode Tambove. Mezhdunarodnaya zaochnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferenciya "Aktual’nye problemy estestvennyh nauk"; Tambov, 17 marta 2015; Tambov; 2015. (In Russ.)
- Miroshnichenko MR, Pahotina VA, Budajhanov ZA, Murzak NA. Klinicheskie sluchai pishchevogo botulizma v gorode Hanty-Mansijske. Nauchnyj medicinskij vestnik Yugry. 2017;1(11):64-65. (In Russ.)
- Lobosok AV. Sovremennye metody diagnostiki botulizma. 63 Vserossijskaya mezhvuzovskaya studencheskaya nauchnaya konferenciya s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem "Molodezh’, nauka, medicina". Tver', 20–21 aprelya 2017. Tver’; 2017. (In Russ.)
- Hacukov KH. Botulizm v Kabardino-Balkarskoj respublike. Izvestiya Kabardino-Balkarskogo nauchnogo centra RAN. 2013;3(53):189–192. (In Russ.)
- Tireshchenko LA, Pendrikova OV, Beridze RM. Zabolevaemost’ botulizmom naseleniya Gomel’skoj oblasti. Zdorov’e i okruzhayushchaya sreda. Sbornik tezisov dokladov nauchnoj konferencii, posvyashchennoj 90-letiyu respublikanskogo unitarno predpriyatiya "Nauchno-prakticheskij centr gigieny" v 2 tomah. Gomel’, Respublika Belarus’, 2017. Gomel’ (In Russ.)
- Tosheva ShA. Kliniko-epidemiologicheskie aspekty botulizma i ego lechenie. Zdravoohranenie Tadzhikistana. 2009;1(300):57–59. (In Russ.)
- Savenko SV. Pishchevoj botulizm – priznaki, prognoziruyushchie dlitel’noe lechenie v otdelenii intensivnoj terapii. Ekstrennaya medicina. 2013;4(8):118–124. (In Russ.)