Том 60, № 3 (2017)

In the development of productive coal and oil beds, certain geochemical conditions facilitate the formation of elementary associations that include indicator elements and accompanying elements. The determination of those associations permits the identification of the features of mineral formation in the beds and the processes that affect the variability of the mineral composition in the intervening rock.

Despite the many characteristics of coal relating to its use as blast-furnace fuel, few characteristics have been proposed to predict the productivity of the furnace and its coke consumption. Drum tests of coke permit ample assessment of its ability to withstand mechanical loads (in particular, abrasive and impact forces). At the same time, models of coke failure in the blast furnace indicate that the crushing forces on the coke play an important role. Thanks to those forces, the mean piece size of the coke declines as it falls though the furnace. The method used to determine the coke’s ability to withstand abrasive and impact forces has been codified in GOST State Standards (in terms of the strength indices M₂₅, M₄₀, and M₁₀). However, there is no standard method for assessing the ability of the coke to withstand crushing forces. To address that deficiency, a compact system for determination of the coke’s ability to withstand crushing forces is proposed: it consists of a press for the creation of compressive forces; a matrix with a punch in which the coke sample may be placed; and an instrument for measuring the compressive force (the crushing force). Values of the compressive strength determined using the new system are presented for various coke samples.

On the basis of a model of the gas flow in the heating duct, artificial turbulization is proposed as a means of intensifying the heat transfer in coke batteries. When using a brick lining of special form, the heat transfer in the heating duct is intensified as a result of the destruction of the laminar wall layer, with slight increase in the hydraulic drag. That improves the energy efficiency of the system.

The utilization of waste tires in coking, without extraction of the steel cord, is evaluated in the laboratory. The results show that using discarded tires with steel cord improves the yield and quality of the coke produced and also the yield of valuable byproducts: benzene and coal tar.