On the energy transport velocity in a dissipative medium

Аннотация

An exact definition of the group velocity v_g is proposed for a wave process with arbitrary dispersion relation ω = ω′(k) + iω″(k). For the monochromatic approximation, a limit expression v_g(k) is obtained. A condition under which v_g(k) takes the form of the Kuzelev–Rukhadze expression [1] dω′(k)/dk is found. In the general case, it appears that v_g(k) is defined not only by the dispersion relation ω(k), but also by other elements of the initial problem. As applied to the dissipative medium, it is shown that v_g(k) defines the field energy transfer velocity, and this velocity does not exceed thee light speed in vacuum. An expression for the energy transfer velocity is also obtained for the case where the dispersion relation is given in the form k = k′(ω) + ik″(ω) which corresponds to the boundary problem.