Improving the Energy Efficiency of Diffraction Optical Elements for 3D Nanoscopy

Аннотация

A way of improving the energy efficiency of diffraction optical elements (DOEs) that form two-lobe light fields whose intensity distribution rotates in propagation is studied. Such DOEs find application in ultrahigh resolution microscopy to modify the spread function of a point light source via phase spatial light beam modulation, allowing all three spatial coordinates of point emitting objects to be reconstructed with nanometric accuracy. Enhancing the energy efficiency of diffraction optical elements is essential for improving the accuracy of point emitter localization in the longitudinal direction (along the Z-axis).