Evaluation of specific T cell immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 infection and following Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine prophylaxis
- Authors: Plekhova N.G.1, Sitdikova T.S.1, Dubiy A.A.1, Mikhailov A.O.1, Prosekovа E.V.1
-
Affiliations:
- Pacific State Medical University
- Issue: Vol 25, No 3 (2022)
- Pages: 267-274
- Section: SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1028-7221/article/view/120190
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.46235/1028-7221-1111-EOS
- ID: 120190
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
An aberrant immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection has been shown to determine the clinical features, disease severity, and progression of COVID-19 infection. This work aimed for comprehensive assessment of the immune response by comparative evaluation of diagnostic significance of the antibodies to RBD domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, as well as detection of effector CD4+ and CD8+T cells specific to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. The study was performed in unvaccinated persons, healthy individuals vaccinated with Gam-COVID-Vac, and in the patients who have had COVID-19 infection. We have found that IgG antibodies to the RBD domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are detectable at a frequency of 73% to 92% of cases in vaccinated persons and COVID-19 reconvalescents. The numbers of effector CD4+ and CD8+T lymphocytes responding to stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 antigens by producing the IFNã cytokine varied depending on the introduced antigen and tended to be higher in vaccinated individuals. In non-vaccinated healthy persons who contacted with COVID-19 patients, T cell response to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoproteins was revealed. For adequate assessment of antiviral and post-vaccination immune response to COVID-19, it would be necessary to study not only humoral immune response by the presence of antibodies, but also functionally active specific T lymphocytes directed for SARS-CoV-2 protein antigens.
Keywords
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
N. G. Plekhova
Pacific State Medical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: pl_nat@hotmail.com
PhD, MD (Biology), Associate Professor, Head, Central Research Laboratory
Russian Federation, VladivostokT. S. Sitdikova
Pacific State Medical University
Email: pl_nat@hotmail.com
PhD (Medicine), Lecturer, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, General and Clinical Immunology
Russian Federation, VladivostokA. A. Dubiy
Pacific State Medical University
Email: olleariu.a@yandex.ru
Student, Faculty of Public Health
Russian Federation, VladivostokA. O. Mikhailov
Pacific State Medical University
Email: pl_nat@hotmail.com
PhD (Medicine), Research Associate, Central Research Laboratory
Russian Federation, VladivostokE. V. Prosekovа
Pacific State Medical University
Email: pl_nat@hotmail.com
PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, General and Clinical Immunology
Russian Federation, VladivostokReferences
- Потеряев Д.А., Аббасова С.Г., Игнатьева П.Е., Стрижакова О.М., Колесник С.В., Хамитов Р.А. Оценка Т-клеточного иммунитета к SARS-CoV-2 у переболевших и вакцинированных против COVID-19 лиц с помощью ELISPOT набора ТиграТест® SARS-CoV-2 // БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение, 2021. Т. 21, № 3. С. 178-192. [Poteryaev D.A., Abbasova S.G., Ignatyeva P.E., Strizhakova O.M., Kolesnik S.V., Khamitov R.A. Assessment of T-cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 convalescents and vaccinated subjects, using TigraTest® SARS-CoV-2 ELISPOT kit. BIOpreparaty. Profilaktika, diagnostika, lechenie = BIOpreparations. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, 2021, Vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 178-192. (In Russ.)]
- Bastos M.L., Tavaziva G., Abidi S.K., Campbell J.R., Haraoui L.P., Johnston J.C., Lan Z., Law S., MacLean E., Trajman A., Menzies D., Benedetti A., Ahmad K.F. Diagnostic accuracy of serological tests for covid-19: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ, 2020, Vol. 370, m2516. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m2516.
- Diao B., Wang C., Tan Y., Chen X., Liu Y., Ning L., Chen L., Li M., Liu Y., Wang G., Yuan Z., Feng Z., Zhang Y., Wu Y., Chen Y. Reduction and functional exhaustion of T cells in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Front. Immunol., 2020, Vol. 11, 827. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00827.
- Grifoni A., Weiskopf D., Ramirez S.I., Mateus J., Dan J.M., Moderbacher C.R., Rawlings S.A., Sutherland A., Premkumar L., Jadi R.S., Marrama D., de Silva A.M , Frazier A., Carlin A.F., Greenbaum J.A., Peters B., Krammer F., Smith D.M., Crotty S., Sette A. Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals. Cell, 2020, 181, рр. 1489-1501.e15.
- Gudbjartsson D.F., Norddahl G.L., Melsted P., Gunnarsdottir K., Holm H., Eythorsson E., Arnthorsson A.O., Helgason D., Bjarnadottir K., Ingvarsson R.F., Thorsteinsdottir B., Kristjansdottir S., Birgisdottir K., Kristinsdottir A.M., Sigurdsson M.I., Arnadottir G.A., Ivarsdottir E.V., Andresdottir M., Jonsson F., Agustsdottir A.B., Stefansson K. Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Iceland. N. Engl. J. Med., 2020, Vol. 383, no. 18, рр. 1724-1734.
- Habel J.R., Nguyen T.H.O., van de Sandt C.E., Juno J.A., Chaurasia P., Wragg K., Koutsakos M., Hensen L., Jia X., Chua B., Zhang W., Tan H.X., Flanagan K.L., Doolan D.L., Torresi J., Chen W., Wakim L.M., Cheng A.C., Doherty P.C., Petersen J., Kedzierska K. Suboptimal SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cell response associated with the prominent HLA-A*02:01 phenotype. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2020, Vol. 117, рр. 24384-24391.
- Kedzierska K., Thomas P.G. Count on us: T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. Cell Rep. Med., 2022, Vol. 3, no. 3, 100562. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100562.
- Le Bert N., Tan A.T., Kunasegaran K., Tham C., Hafezi M., Chia A., Chng M., Lin M., Tan N., Linster M., Chia W.N., Chen M.I., Wang L.F., Ooi E.E., Kalimuddin S., Tambyah P.A., Low J.G., Tan Y.J., Bertoletti A. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls. Nature, 2020, Vol. 584, no. 7821, рр. 457-462.
- Sekine T., Perez-Potti A., Rivera-Ballesteros O., Strålin K., Gorin J.B., Olsson A., Llewellyn-Lacey S., Kamal H., Bogdanovic G., Muschiol S., Wullimann D.J., Kammann T., Emgård J., Parrot T., Folkesson E., Karolinska COVID-19 Study Group, Rooyackers O., Eriksson L.I., Henter J.I., Sönnerborg A., Buggert M. Robust T Cell immunity in convalescent individuals with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19. Cell, 2020, Vol. 183, no. 1, pp. 158-168.e14.
- Thevarajan, I., Nguyen, T.H.O., Koutsakos, M., Druce, J., Caly, L., van de Sandt, C.E., Jia, X., Nicholson, S., Catton, M., Cowie, B., Tong S.Y.C., Lewin S.R., Kedzierska K. Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19. Nat. Med., 2020, Vol. 26, рр. 453-455.
- Weiskopf D., Schmitz K.S., Raadsen M.P., Grifoni A., Okba N.M.A., Endeman H., van den Akker J.P.C., Molenkamp R., Koopmans M.P.G., van Gorp E.C.M., Haagmans B.L., de Swart R.L. , Sette A., de Vries R.D. Phenotype and kinetics of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Sci. Immunol., 2020, 5, eabd2071. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abd2071.