Polymorphism of Mitochondrial DNA in Population of Siberian Tatars from Barabinsk Forest Steppe

Resumo

The analysis of mtDNA polymorphism was carried out in the population of Siberian Tatars from the Barabinsk forest steppe living on the territory of Novosibirsk oblast (N = 199). As a result of the analysis of HVS I and HVS II nucleotide sequence, 101 haplotypes that refer to 22 mtDNA haplogroups were detected. The population of Baraba Tatars is represented by both East Eurasian (38.7%) and West Eurasian mtDNA lines (61.3%). H, T, U5, and J haplogroups prevail among West Eurasian haplogroups; C, D, G, M, and A haplogroups prevail among East Eurasian ones. According to the index of genetic diversity, Tatars from the Barabinsk forest steppe (0.9141) are the closest to Kazakhs (0.9108), Bashkirs (0.9165), and Tobol-Irtysh Tatars (0.9104). The greatest statistically significant interpopulation differences (F_ST) were detected between all studied samples; the smallest interpopulation differences were detected between all Tatar samples, as well as between Tatars and Komi, Mansi, Udmurts, Kazakhs, Chuvashes, and Bashkirs. The haplogroup H is the most common in populations that we studied. In the present study, was registered the haplotype 16126–16294 with the frequency of 4% (T cluster) previously found only in Caucasians. High frequency of haplogroups U4, U5, and H in the gene pool of Baraba Tatars brings them together not only with Samoyeds but also with Finno-Ugric populations. The highest intrapopulation genetic diversity was detected in Tatars from the Barabinsk forest steppe, Tobol-Irtysh Tatars, Kazakhs, and Bashkirs. The presence of the haplogroup B in the mitochondrial DNA genetic pool of Siberian Tatars brings them together with Turks that came from regions of Altai and Central Kazakhstan and inhabited the Western Siberian forest steppe in the 6th–9th centuries. The haplogroup U7, which is typical of populations of Jordan, Kuwait, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, could also have entered the territory of residence of Siberian Tatars in the middle of second millennium BC, when Iranian-speaking tribes entered Siberia.