Herald of the Russian Academy of SciencesHerald of the Russian Academy of SciencesВестник Российской академии наук0869-58733034-5200The Russian Academy of Sciences30521710.7868/S3034520025070054fifnvrЗА РУБЕЖОМResearch ArticleEVOLUTION OF CHINESE IMMIGRATION TO THE U.S.: HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY ASPECTSЭВОЛЮЦИЯ КИТАЙСКОЙ ИММИГРАЦИИ В США: ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ И СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ АСПЕКТЫPetrovskayaN. E.ПетровскаяН. Е.n.petrovskaya@iskran.ruChernykhM. A.ЧерныхМ. А.m.chernyh@iskran.ruGeorgy Arbatov Institute for U.S. and Canada StudiesИнститут США и Канады им. Г.А. Арбатова РАН200820257NO7 (2025)№7 (2025)435420082025Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук2025Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.rcsi.science/0869-5873/article/view/305217

The article is devoted to the evolution of Chinese immigration to the United States in the past and present. The internal and external factors of the first mass wave of Chinese immigration are defined, the author’s periodization of Chinese immigration to the United States is proposed taking into account social, political and economic factors. The features of Chinese immigration in different periods of time are revealed. On the one hand, the features of the anti-Chinese movement in the United States, on the other hand, the formation of Chinese quarters (Chinatowns) as a response to rejection in the new socio-cultural conditions are revealed. The contribution of Chinese immigrants to the development of the United States is shown, with special attention paid to the role of the Chinese diaspora in the economy, in the development of infrastructure, entrepreneurship and high technology. The modern Chinese diaspora in the United States is characterized, and the features of modern Chinese immigration at the expense of highly qualified specialists and students as a consequence of the Immigration Act of 1990 are considered.

Статья посвящена эволюции китайской иммиграции в США в прошлом и в настоящее время. Определены внутренние и внешние факторы первой массовой волны китайской иммиграции, предложена авторская периодизация китайской иммиграции в США с учётом социальных, политических и экономических факторов. Выявлены особенности китайской иммиграции в разные периоды времени. Раскрыты, с одной стороны, черты антикитайского движения в США, с другой – формирование китайских кварталов (чайнатаунов) как ответ на неприятие в новых социально-культурных условиях. Показан вклад китайских иммигрантов в развитие США, при этом особое внимание уделено роли китайской диаспоры в экономике, в развитии инфраструктуры, предпринимательства и высоких технологий. Охарактеризована современная китайская диаспора в США, выявлены особенности современной иммиграции китайцев за счёт высококвалифицированных специалистов и студентов как следствие Закона об иммиграции 1990 г.

huaqiaoChinese immigrantsgold rushrailroadsdiscriminationChinese exclusion lawsChinatownsChinaUSAхуацяокитайские иммигрантызолотая лихорадкажелезные дорогидискриминациязаконы об исключении китайцевчайнатауныКитайСША

In the print version, the article was published under the DOI: 10.31857/S0869587325070051

В печатной версии статья выходила под DOI: 10.31857/S0869587325070051

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