Digital humanities as a stage of scientific knowledge: four metaphors
- 作者: Kolozaridi P.1, Belyak G.2
-
隶属关系:
- St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University)
- Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House), Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)
- 期: 卷 34, 编号 6 (2024)
- 页面: 179-202
- 栏目: DESPITE UTOPIA: BROKEN ALGORITHMSAND UNCOSY ENTITIES
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0869-5377/article/view/290164
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17323/0869-5377-2024-6-179-199
- ID: 290164
如何引用文章
详细
Digital humanities exist as an independent direction of activity in modern universities. The grounds for uniting the humanities under the common definition of “digital” and the relation of each to the very concept of it are not obvious and require critical analysis. The authors of the article undertake such an analysis and address the academic prerequisites for the digitalization of humanities’ knowledge and its project applications. Through four metaphors, the ways in which “digital” is appropriated as a method, subject, or object by different sciences (sociology, philology, cultural studies) are described; conflicts and problems arising from different types of such appropriation are identified; the key problem of digital humanities as an area of knowledge is defined. This problem is associated with the destruction of the distance between knowledge (theory), method, and object. The example of project activity demonstrates that at the same time the destruction of this distance, being conscious, can become the basis for representing digitalized objects not only as established but also as becoming. In conclusion, the understanding of the digitalization of the humanities is proposed not as a scientific revolution (in Thomas Kuhn’s terms), leading to a paradigm shift within a particular discipline, but as a stage in the development of scientific knowledge that requires turning to philosophical reflection for the reassembly of the common scientific foundations of the humanities.
全文:

作者简介
Polina Kolozaridi
St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University)
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: poli.kolozaridi@gmail.com
俄罗斯联邦, St. Petersburg
Gavriil Belyak
Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House), Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)
Email: gabriel.belyak@gmail.com
俄罗斯联邦, St. Petersburg, Russia
参考
- Alvarado R. C. The Digital Humanities Situation. Debates in the Digital Humanities, Minneapolis, MN, University of Minnesota Press, 2012, pp. 50–55.
- Anderson C. The End of Theory: The Data Deluge Makes the Scientific Method Obsolete. Wired, June 23, 2008. Available at: https://www.wired.com/2008/06/pb-theory/.
- Auerbach E. Mimesis. Izobrazhenie deistvitel’nosti v zapadnoevropeiskoi literature [Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature], Moscow, Progress Publishers, 1976.
- Averintsev S. Filologiia [Philology]. Bol’shaia rossiiskaia entsiklopediia: V 35 tomakh [Great Russian Encyclopedia: in 35 Volumes], Moscow, Bol’shaia rossiiskaia entsiklopediia, 2017, vol. 33.
- Benkler Y. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom, New Haven, CT, London, Yale University Press, 2006.
- Berry D. M. The Computational Turn: Thinking About the Digital Humanities. Culture Machine, 2011, vol. 12, pp. 1–22.
- Berry D. M., Fagerjord A. Digital Humanities: Knowledge and Critique in a Digital Age, Cambridge, UK, Polity Books, 2017.
- Bonch-Osmolovskaya A., Kolbasov M., Orekhov B., Pavlova I., Skorinkin D. Semanticheskoe izdanie tekstov L. N. Tolstogo: ot teksta k ontologii [Semantic Edition of Texts by L. N. Tolstoy: From Text to Ontology]. Napis. Pismo poświęcone literaturze okolicznościowej i użytkowej, 2018, no. 24, pp. 381–391.
- Braidotti R. Critical Posthuman Knowledges. South Atlantic Quarterly, 2017, vol. 116, no. 1, pp. 83–96.
- Buzzoni M. A Protocol for Scholarly Digital Editions? The Italian Point of View. Digital Scholarly Editing: Theories and Practices (eds. M. J. Driscoll, E. Pierazzo), Cambridge, UK, Open Book Publishers, 2016, pp. 59–82.
- Castells M., Kiseleva E. Rossiia i setevoe obshchestvo. Analiticheskoe issledovanie [Russia and the Network Society. Analytical Research]. Universe of Russia. Sociology. Ethnology, 2000, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 23–51.
- Daston L., Galison P. Ob”ektivnost’ [Objectivity], Moscow, New Literary Observer, 2018.
- De Freitas E., Dixon-Román E., Lather P. Alternative Ontologies of Number: Rethinking the Quantitative in Computational Culture. Cultural Studies? Critical Methodologies, 2016, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 431–434.
- Deuze M. Participation, Remediation, Bricolage: Considering Principal Components of a Digital Culture. The Information Society, 2006, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 63–75.
- Erickson M. Network as Metaphor. International Journal of Criminology and Sociological Theory, 2012, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 912–921.
- Estill L. Digital Humanities’ Shakespeare Problem. Humanities, 2019, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1–16.
- Foucault M. Diskurs i istina [Discourse and Truth], Moscow, Propylaea, 2006.
- Galey A., Siemens R. Introduction: Reinventing Shakespeare in the Digital Humanities. Shakespeare, 2008, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 201–207.
- Gibbs F. Digital Humanities Definitions by Type. Defining Digital Humanities, New York, Routledge, 2016, pp. 289–297.
- Ikonnikova S. Istoriia kul’turologii: uchebnik dlia vuzov [History of Cultural Studies: Textbook for Universities], Moscow, Urait, 2023.
- Kolozaridi P., Yuldashev L. Kanon internet-issledovanii: soobshchestvo bez distsipliny [Researching Internet Studies Canon: The Community without a Discipline]. Philosophy. Journal of the Higher School of Economics, 2022, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 81–113.
- Kuhn T. Struktura nauchnykh revoliutsii [The Structure of Scientific Revolutions], Moscow, AST, 2003.
- Latour B. Daite mne laboratoriiu, i ia perevernu mir [Give Me a Laboratory and I Will Raise the World]. Logos (Russia), 2002, vol. 12, no. 5-6, pp. 1–32.
- Liu A. The State of the Digital Humanities: A Report and a Critique. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 2012, vol. 11, no. 1–2, pp. 8–41.
- Lotman J. Semiotika i informatika [Semiotics and Computer Science], Moscow, VINITI Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union, 1981.
- Luhmann J., Burghardt M. Digital humanities — A Discipline in Its Own Right? An Analysis of the Role and Position of Digital Humanities in the Academic Landscape. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2022, vol. 73, no. 2, pp. 148–171.
- Marin A., Wellman B. Social Network Analysis: An introduction. The SAGE Handbook of Social Network Analysis, Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage, 2011, pp. 11–25.
- Morozov E. To Save Everything, Click Here, London, Penguin Books, 2013.
- Morton T. Giperob”ekt: filosofiia i ekologiia posle kontsa mira [Hyperobjects: Philosophy and Ecology after the End of the World], Perm, Hyle Press, 2019.
- Obydennoe i nauchnoe znanie ob obshchestve: vzaimovliianiia i rekonfiguratsii [Everyday and Scientific Knowledge about Society: Mutual Influences and Reconfigurations], Moscow, Progress-Traditsiia, 2015.
- Orlandi T. Reflections on the Development of Digital Humanities. Digital Scholarship in the Humanities, 2021, vol. 36, no, 2, pp. 222–229.
- Pasquinelli M. Mashiny, formiruiushchie(sia v) logiku: neironnye seti i iskazhennaia avtomatizatsiia intellekta v kachestve statisticheskogo vyvoda [Machines that Morph Logic: Neural Networks and the Distorted Automation of Intelligence as Statistical Inference]. New Literary Observer, 2019, no. 4 (158), pp. 153–168.
- Pilshchikov I., Lvov V., Dobritsyn A., Shelya A., Belousova A., Polilova V., Lyapin S. Russkii kvantitativnyi formalizm 1910–1930-kh godov kak predshestvennik Digital Humanities [Russian Quantitative Formalism of the 1910s–1930s as a Precursor of Digital Humanities]. In: Pilshchikov I. Sem’ besed o filologii i Digital Humanities [Seven Conversations about Philology and Digital Humanities], Moscow, Moscow University Press, 2022.
- Poli R., Obrst L. The Interplay Between Ontology as Categorial Analysis and Ontology as Technology. Theory and Applications of Ontology: Computer Applications, Dordrecht, Springer, 2010.
- Prescott A. Beyond the Digital Humanities Center: The Administrative Landscapes of the Digital Humanities. A New Companion to Digital Humanities, Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell, 2015, pp. 459–475.
- Reed A. Managing an Established Digital Humanities Project: Principles and Practices From the Twentieth Year of the William Blake Archive. Digital Humanities Quarterly, 2014, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1–20.
- Rhetoric and the Digital Humanities (eds. J. Ridolfo, W. Hart-Davidson), Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2004.
- Savel’eva I., Poletaev A. Klassika i klassiki v sotsial’nom i gumanitarnom znanii [Classics and Classic Authors in Social and Humanitarian Knowledge], Moscow, New Literary Observer, 2009.
- Silver D. Internet / Cyberculture / Digital Culture / New Media/ Fill-in-the-Blank Studies. New Media & Society, 2004, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 55–64.
- Sivkov D. Rossiiskaia UX-industriia v poiskakh pol’zovatelei [Russian UX-Industry in Search of Its Users]. The Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology, 2019, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 103–122.
- Stoliarova O. Tekhnonauka kak eksperimental’naia sreda i eksperimental’naia metodologiia [Technoscience as an Experimental Environment and Experimental Methodology]. Epistemology & Philosophy of Science, 2016, vol. 2, no. 48, pp. 40–44.
- Teslya A., Kolozaridi P. “Kak bol’shoi proekt filosofiia zakryta”: beseda s Aleksandrom Filippovym o kanone v sotsiologii [“Sociology as a Major Project Was Shut Down”: A Conversation with Alexander Filippov about the Canon in Sociology]. Philosophy. Journal of the Higher School of Economics, 2022, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 17–38.
- Ustinov A. The Legacy of Russian Formalism and the Rise of the Digital Humanities. Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch, 2016, jg. 4, no. 1, pp. 287–289.
- Vakhshtayn V. Tekhnika, ili Obaianie progressa [Technique, or the Charm of Progress], EUSP Press, 2021.
- Wellman B. Structural Analysis: From Method and Metaphor to Theory and Substance. Social Structures: A Network Approach (eds. B. Wellman, S. D. Berkowitz), Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press, 1997 (Contemporary Studies in Sociology, vol. 15), pp. 19–61.
- Yudin G. Pozitsiia filosofa v fenomenologii Gusserlia i kritike Finka [The Philosopher’s Position in Husserl’s Phenomenology and Fink’s Critique]. Logos (Russia), 2016, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 108–117.
- Zagzebski L. Epistemicheskii avtoritet. Sovremennaia liberal’naia zashchita [Epistemic Authority: Modern Liberal Defence]. Epistemology & Philosophy of Science, 2017, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 92–107.
补充文件
