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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Membrane and Cell Biology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Membrane and Cell Biology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биологические мембраны</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0233-4755</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5219</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">362240</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S3034521925060068</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Antioxidant Mito-TEMPO Partially Prevents Rat Soleus Muscle Atrophy after 7 Days of Functional Unloading</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>АНТИОКСИДАНТ Mito-TEMPO ЧАСТИЧНО ПРЕДОТВРАЩАЕТ АТРОФИЮ КАМБАЛОВИДНОЙ МЫШЦЫ КРЫСЫ ПОСЛЕ 7 СУТОК ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ РАЗГРУЗКИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorenko</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидоренко</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>darya.si.00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lvova</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Львова</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shenkman</surname><given-names>B. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шенкман</surname><given-names>Б. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharlo</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарло</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт медико-биологических проблем РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 42, NO6 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 42, №6 (2025)</issue-title><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-25"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-12-25"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/0233-4755/article/view/362240">https://journals.rcsi.science/0233-4755/article/view/362240</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Functional unloading of skeletal muscles is observed during spaceflight, prolonged bed rest, or limb immobilization. In this case, skeletal muscle atrophy develops, which is a serious consequence for health and a noticeable decrease in quality of life. In addition, during functional unloading, mitochondrial dysfunction is observed and the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mitochondria increases. It is known that some antioxidants can reduce the manifestation of atrophy during functional unloading. We hypothesized that the mitochondrial-specific antioxidant Mito-TEMPO would block the accumulation of mitochondrial ROS, which would lead to the prevention of an increase in ubiquitin ligase mRNA expression and prevent a decrease in anabolic parameters during 7-day functional unloading, which together could inhibit atrophy development. To test the hypothesis, we used a 7-day rat hindlimb suspension model of functional unloading. In our study, animals treated with Mito-TEMPO during 7-day suspension partially prevented the decrease in soleus muscle fiber cross-sectional area, the increase in the expression of in <italic>MuRF-1</italic> and <italic>Atrogin</italic> mRNA expression, and the decrease in the content of rRNA. In addition, Mito-TEMPO reduced ROS-dependent oxidation of tropomyosin during 7-day suspension in the rat soleus muscle. Thus, the accumulation of mitochondrial ROS in the soleus muscle during 7-day functional unloading affects both protein synthesis and degradation, which is reflected in a decrease in muscle fiber cross-sectional area in the rat soleus muscle.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Функциональная разгрузка скелетных мышц наблюдается во время космического полета, длительного постельного режима или иммобилизации конечности. При этом развивается атрофия скелетных мышц — серьезное последствие для здоровья и ощутимое снижение качества жизни. Кроме того, во время функциональной разгрузки наблюдается дисфункция митохондрий и повышается выброс митохондриями активных форм кислорода (АФК). Известно, что некоторые антиоксиданты способны уменьшать проявление атрофии во время функциональной разгрузки. Мы предположили, что специфический для митохондрий антиоксидант Mito-TEMPO заблокирует накопление митохондриальных АФК, предотвратит рост экспрессии мРНК убиквитинлитаз и снижение анаболических параметров во время 7-суточной функциональной разгрузки, что в совокупности может уменьшить степень атрофии. В нашем исследовании у животных, получавших Mito-TEMPO, во время 7-суточного вывешивания задних конечностей частично предотвращалось уменьшение площади поперечного сечения мышечных волокон <italic>m. soleus</italic>, рост экспрессии мРНК <italic>MuRF-1</italic> и <italic>Atrogin</italic>, а также снижение содержания рРНК. Кроме того, Mito-TEMPO предотвратил АФК.-зависимое окисление тропомиозина во время 7-суточного вывешивания <italic>m. soleus</italic>. Таким образом, накопление митохондриальных АФК в камбаловидной мышце во время 7-суточной функциональной разгрузки влияет как на синтез, так и на распад белка, что отражается в уменьшении площади поперечного сечения мышечных волокон в камбаловидной мышце крысы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>muscle functional unloading</kwd><kwd>skeletal muscle</kwd><kwd>atrophy</kwd><kwd>reactive oxygen species (ROS)</kwd><kwd>m. soleus</kwd><kwd>Mito-TEMPO</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>функциональная разгрузка</kwd><kwd>скелетные мышцы</kwd><kwd>атрофия</kwd><kwd>АФК</kwd><kwd>камбаловидная мышца</kwd><kwd>Mito-TEMPO</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского научного фонда (№ 23–75–10048).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Morey-Holton E.R., Globus R.K. 2002. 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