Ionospheric Perturbations after Stromboli Volcano Eruptions

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Abstract

Based on data from ground-based vertical sounding of the ionosphere, we analyze disturbances in the region of the maximum of the ionospheric F2-layer during the period of a strong eruption of the Stromboli volcano (Italy) in the form of two explosions in July and August 2019, as well as after the resumption of volcanic activity on October 9, 2022. As characteristics of the ionospheric response to these events, we research variations in the critical frequency of the F2-layer at the Giebilmann, Rome, and San Vito stations located near (no further than 450 km) the volcano. The measurement results indicate the influence on the ionosphere of atmospheric acoustic-gravity waves generated by volcanic activity and causing the appearance of long-lived disturbances in the ionosphere.

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About the authors

S. A. Riabova

Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics of Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: riabovasa@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Bolshaya Gruzinskaya str., 10, bld. 1, Moscow, 123242; Leninsky prosp., 38, bld. 1, Moscow, 119334

S. L. Shalimov

Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: pmsk7@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Bolshaya Gruzinskaya str., 10, bld. 1, Moscow, 123242

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Graph of Stromboli volcanic tremor (up-down notation) for 09.10.2022, adapted from data presented on the website [http://www.ct.ingv.it/] (a); variations of the geomagnetic field at the Gagliano station for 09.10.2022 (b); arrows indicate the beginning of high values ​​of volcanic tremor.

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3. Fig. 2. Variations of the critical frequency of the F2 layer f0F2 for 03.07.2019 according to the San Vito station, the moment of explosion is indicated by a vertical arrow.

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4. Fig. 3. Variations of the critical frequency of the F2 layer f0F2 for 08/28/2019 according to the San Vito station, the moment of explosion is indicated by a vertical arrow.

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5. Fig. 4. Diurnal variation of the F2-layer critical frequency (f0F2) for 09.10.2022 at the Rome ionospheric monitoring station – solid lines; median monthly f0F2 values ​​for October of the same year – dashed curves (a); diurnal variation of the difference ∆f0F2 between the f0F2 values ​​for 09.10.2022 and the median values ​​for October 2022 (b); arrows indicate the onset of high values ​​of volcanic tremor.

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6. Fig. 5. Diurnal variation of the F2-layer critical frequency (f0F2) for 09.10.2022 at the San Vito ionospheric monitoring station – solid lines; median monthly f0F2 values ​​for October of the same year – dashed curves (a); diurnal variation of the difference ∆f0F2 between the f0F2 values ​​for 09.10.2022 and the median values ​​for October 2022 (b); the arrows indicate the onset of high values ​​of volcanic tremor.

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7. Fig. 6. Diurnal variation of the critical frequency of the F2 layer (f0F2) for 09.10.2022 at the Gibilmanna ionospheric monitoring station – solid lines; median monthly values ​​of f0F2 for October of the same year – dashed curves (a); diurnal variation of the difference ∆f0F2 between the f0F2 values ​​for 09.10.2022 and the median values ​​for October 2022 (b); the arrows indicate the onset of high values ​​of volcanic tremor.

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8. Fig. 7. Scalogram of variations in the critical frequency of the F2 layer for 10/09/2022 at the Rome ionospheric monitoring station.

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