卷 74, 编号 2 (2019)

Military activities lead to the transformation of all ecological functions of the abiotic spheres of the Earth in both times of peace and war. A typification of the consequences of changes in the ecological situation caused by the development of the ecological functions of the abiotic spheres of the Earth when conducting tests of weapons, rockets, and space equipment and during military operations is presented.

The occurrence of the Tirnovella occitanica Ammonite Zone in the Berriasian section of Feodosia was confirmed here for the first time. The results of sedimentological, bio-, and magnetostratigraphic study of this interval are discussed.

The peculiarities of the structure of Cretaceous–Eocene boundary deposits in the Belogorsk district, Central Crimea, are considered. Tectonic structures interpreted as paleoseismodislocations are revealed and described; their age, structures, and evolutionary history are characterized; the magnitude and intensity of the seismic paleoevent are estimated. The position of steeply dipping fractures in Cretaceous rocks is regular and related to the bedding along the dip and strike of the structure. Their formation was caused by transverse extension in the background of general uplift at the beginning of Eocene, coincided in time with the main folding phase in North Turkey.

This article discusses the structural peculiarities and new data on the distribution of calcareous nanoplankton from Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary deposits of the central area of Piedmont (Predgornyi) Crimea. Both Maastrichtian and Danian rocks contain abundant Cretaceous nanoplankton assemblages. Danian nanoplankton is scarce, characterized by a poor degree of preservation, or even absent. Upper Maastrichtian rocks contain the species Tranolithus orionatus (=Tranolithus phacelosus Stover), which is typical of the Lower Maastrichtian and unknown in the Upper Maastrichtian of the European section; the only reported section of this age containing this species is in southwestern Tunisia. The NP2–NP4 zones are distinguished in the Danian deposits. The paleogeographic problem is also addressed.

The Bazhenov Formation of West Siberia is one of the most important and promising high-carbon formations. Its peculiarity is a vast area and a high generation potential of constituent deposits. Another feature of this formation is the predominance of silicides, among which radiolarites that are often related to hydrocarbon inflows are the most interesting. However, the forecast procedure and their distribution nature are still disputable. Their formation model based on the interaction of plankton (radiolarians) and currents is proposed following the study of composition and textural features of the radiolarite layers in the clayey–siliceous rocks of the Bazhenov Formation.

This paper discusses the results of comprehensive geological, geophysical, and geochemical studies of gas-saturated sediments within the Kandalaksha Bay, the White Sea. The marine study involved detailed seismoacoustic surveys that yielded data on seabed geometry and the geological structure of the sedimentary cover, including the zones of focused unloading of hydrocarbon fluids. Assemblages of gas caps are confined to the zones with a maximum thickness of postglacial sediments. The composition of organic matter in the sediments and the gas phase has been studied in detail.

The distribution features of clay minerals in the Quaternary sediments are considered in the canyon–deepwater cone sedimentary system of the Shakhe River in the Black Sea. The ratio of illite, chlorite, smectite, and kaolinite that occurs along the area and section is based on the transfer of sedimentary material by turbidity flows through the canyon with the formation of a unified mineralogical province.