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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал экспериментальной и теоретической физики</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0044-4510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-641X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">274802</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0044451024120113</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STATISTICAL AND NONLINEAR PHYSICS, PHYSICS OF "SOFT" MATTER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТИСТИЧЕСКАЯ И НЕЛИНЕЙНАЯ ФИЗИКА, ФИЗИКА "МЯГКОЙ" МАТЕРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">LONG MEMORY EFFECTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INSTABILITY IN A RANDOM MEDIUM</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ЭФФЕКТЫ ДЛИННОЙ ПАМЯТИ ПРИ РАЗВИТИИ НЕУСТОЙЧИВОСТИ В СЛУЧАЙНОЙ СРЕДЕ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ochir-Goryaeva</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Очир-Горяева</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alinaocirgoraeva259@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alinaocirgoraeva259@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Illarionov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Илларионов</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alinaocirgoraeva259@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University Faculty, of Physics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова, физический факультет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт земного магнетизма, ионосферы и распространения радиоволн им. Н. В. Пушкова Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова, механико-математический факультет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>166</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 166, NO6 (2024)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 166, №6 (2024)</issue-title><fpage>878</fpage><lpage>887</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-28"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-12-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/0044-4510/article/view/274802">https://journals.rcsi.science/0044-4510/article/view/274802</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In studying the development of instabilities in a random medium, it is often assumed that memory in the medium is lost instantaneously at prescribed moments in time, while it is natural to assume that memory loss occurs gradually. This paper studies the effects arising from gradual memory loss. It turns out that long memory can increase the rate of instability development (increase the Lyapunov exponent). The connection between this effect and intermittency effects arising during the development of instabilities in a random medium is established. The study is conducted within the framework of a simple model proposed by Ya. B. Zeldovich for describing the development of instability arising under the action of curvature fluctuations during light propagation in a universe that is homogeneous and isotropic only on average.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>При изучении развития неустойчивостей в случайной среде часто предполагается, что память в среде теряется мгновенно в предписанные моменты времени, тогда как естественно предполагать, что потеря памяти происходит постепенно. В работе изучаются эффекты, возникающие в результате постепенной потери памяти. Оказывается, что длинная память может повышать скорость развития неустойчивости (увеличивать показатель Ляпунова). Устанавливается связь этого эффекта с эффектами перемежаемости, возникающими при развитии неустойчивостей в случайной среде. Исследование проводится в рамках простой модели, предложенной Я. Б. Зельдовичем для описания развития неустойчивости, возникающей под действием флуктуаций кривизны при распространении света во Вселенной, однородной и изотропной лишь в среднем.</p></trans-abstract><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>A. S. Il’yn, A. V. Kopyev, V. A. Sirota, and K. P. Zybin, Phys. Rev. E 105, 054130 (2022).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Д. Д. Соколов, Р. А. Степанов, П. Г. Фрик, УФН 184, 313 (2014).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>E. A. Illarionov and D. D. Sokoloff, Phys. Rev. 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