Advances in Chemical PhysicsAdvances in Chemical PhysicsФизиология растений0015-33033034-624XThe Russian Academy of Sciences26946510.31857/S0015330324050051MMXBECОБЗОРЫReview ArticleГенетическая инженерия как методологическая основа функциональной геномики растенийГенетическая инженерия как методологическая основа функциональной геномики растенийФадеевВ. С.
Russian Federation
fadeevvs@gmail.comФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт физиологии растений им. К.А. Тимирязева Российской академии наук15092024715Генетическая инженерия растений – достижения и перспективы5555681111202411112024Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.rcsi.science/0015-3303/article/view/269465

Функциональная геномика изучает динамические аспекты экспрессии генов и геномов, тонкие механизмы транскрипции и трансляции, а также межбелковые взаимодействия компонентов, участников этих процессов. Генетическая инженерия включает в себя комплекс знаний и разработанных методик, позволяющих экспериментально исследовать физиологическую роль генных продуктов, что является одной из задач функциональной геномики. Комплексные исследования, связанные с изучением функционирования генома, требуют анализа большого объема данных. В данном случае используют алгоритмы биоинформатики – междисциплинарной области, объединяющей комплекс наук и компьютерных технологий. В настоящем обзоре рассмотрены комбинированные методологические приемы, используемые в современной генной инженерии по изучению физиологической роли генов на моделях стабильных трансформантов растений. Наибольшее внимание уделено инсерционному мутагенезу и РНК-интерференции, а также их применению в свете изучения тонких механизмов ключевых биологических процессов.

Функциональная геномика изучает динамические аспекты экспрессии генов и геномов, тонкие механизмы транскрипции и трансляции, а также межбелковые взаимодействия компонентов, участников этих процессов. Генетическая инженерия включает в себя комплекс знаний и разработанных методик, позволяющих экспериментально исследовать физиологическую роль генных продуктов, что является одной из задач функциональной геномики. Комплексные исследования, связанные с изучением функционирования генома, требуют анализа большого объема данных. В данном случае используют алгоритмы биоинформатики – междисциплинарной области, объединяющей комплекс наук и компьютерных технологий. В настоящем обзоре рассмотрены комбинированные методологические приемы, используемые в современной генной инженерии по изучению физиологической роли генов на моделях стабильных трансформантов растений. Наибольшее внимание уделено инсерционному мутагенезу и РНК-интерференции, а также их применению в свете изучения тонких механизмов ключевых биологических процессов.

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