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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Chemical Physics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Chemical Physics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиология растений</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0015-3303</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-624X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">266581</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0015330324030081</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">NMJTVI</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Особенности формирования повышенной холодоустойчивости пшеницы под влиянием наночастиц золота</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности формирования повышенной холодоустойчивости пшеницы под влиянием наночастиц золота</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Венжик</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>jul.venzhik@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Дерябин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>jul.venzhik@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Жукова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>jul.venzhik@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>jul.venzhik@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>jul.venzhik@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Мошков</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>jul.venzhik@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт физиологии растений им. К.А. Тимирязева Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>71</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>333</fpage><lpage>345</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-17"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-10-17"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-05-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/0015-3303/article/view/266581">https://journals.rcsi.science/0015-3303/article/view/266581</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Возрастание климатической нестабильности наряду с усилением техногенной нагрузки на природную среду обусловливают необходимость поиска новых подходов к повышению устойчивости пшеницы к абиотическим факторам, прежде всего, к низкой температуре. Перспективным направлением является использование наночастиц металлов, которые в низких концентрациях обладают способностью позитивно влиять на метаболизм растений. Благодаря малым размерам (менее 100 нм), особым физико-химическим, оптическим и электрическим свойствам, наночастицы проникают через клеточные барьеры, распространяются по растительному организму, влияя практически на все процессы в нем. На примере пшеницы (<italic>Triticum aestivum </italic>L., сорт Злата) впервые показано, что золотые наночастицы (ЗНЧ) способны действовать как адаптогены, повышая холодоустойчивость растений. В исследовании использовали прайминг (предпосевное замачивание на 24 ч) семян в растворах ЗНЧ (5–50 мкг/мл). Выросшие из обработанных ЗНЧ семян растения отличались от контрольных (необработанных) по ряду физиолого-биохимических и молекулярно-генетических показателей. У них были существенно усилены ростовые процессы и активность фотосинтетического аппарата, повышена экспрессия генов, кодирующих большую (<italic>rbcL</italic>) и малую (<italic>rbcS</italic>) субъединицы РБФК/О, а также COR генов – <italic>Wcor726 </italic>и <italic>Wcor15. </italic>Более того, полученные из обработанных ЗНЧ семян растения пшеницы отличались от контрольных повышенной устойчивостью к низким температурам, причем эффект проявлялся как в контрольных условиях, так и после низкотемпературного закаливания. Концентрационные тесты показали, что максимальный эффект достигался при использовании ЗНЧ в концентрации 10 мкг/мл. Сделан вывод, что ЗНЧ способны влиять на метаболизм растений и экспрессию генов стрессового ответа, что приводит к существенному увеличению холодоустойчивости. Обсуждаются возможные механизмы действия ЗНЧ на устойчивость к низкой температуре.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Triticum aestivum</kwd><kwd>гены РБФК/О</kwd><kwd>золотые наночастицы</kwd><kwd>растворимые сахара</kwd><kwd>рост</kwd><kwd>фотосинтетический аппарат</kwd><kwd>холодоустойчивость</kwd><kwd>COR гены</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>23-26-00054</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Azameti M.K., Imoro A.-W.M. Nanotechnology: a promising field in enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in plants // Crop Design. 2023. V. 2. 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