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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Chemical Physics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Chemical Physics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиология растений</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0015-3303</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-624X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">130200</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0015330322600784</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">IBVNQP</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Secondary metabolism in <italic>Taxus</italic> spp. plant cell culture in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вторичный метаболизм в культуре клеток in vitro <italic>Taxus</italic> spp.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tomilova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Томилова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>al_nosov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Globa</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глоба</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>al_nosov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>al_nosov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nosov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>al_nosov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт 
физиологии растений им. К.А. Тимирязева Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования “Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-05-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>227</fpage><lpage>240</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-08-21"><day>21</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, С.В. Томилова, Е.Б. Глоба, Е.В. Демидова, А.М. Носов</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, С.В. Томилова, Е.Б. Глоба, Е.В. Демидова, А.М. Носов</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">С.В. Томилова, Е.Б. Глоба, Е.В. Демидова, А.М. Носов</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">С.В. Томилова, Е.Б. Глоба, Е.В. Демидова, А.М. Носов</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/0015-3303/article/view/130200">https://journals.rcsi.science/0015-3303/article/view/130200</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The genus <italic>Taxus</italic> (yew) is a source of a number of high-value medicinal substances, particularly, paclitaxel (taxol)—a complex diterpenoid compound with a powerful antitumor action (trade name of Taxol®). Paclitaxel is one of the most efficient drugs in chemotherapy owing to its specific ability to suppress proliferation of tumor cells via stabilization of their microtubules. The world-wide demand for taxol is 800–1000 kg a year and these figures annually rise by 20%. The growing need for paclitaxel and its derivatives and the shortage of plant resources necessary for their production made compounds of the taxane group one of the most important objects for development of biotechnological methods of their production. Out of all the possible ways of taxol production (isolation from wild or plantation trees, total chemical synthesis or semisynthesis, use of yew cell cultures, techniques of metabolic engineering, and use of yew endophytic fungi), the most promising is industrial cultivation of <italic>Taxus</italic> spp. cell cultures. This review examines the papers dealing with investigation of secondary metabolism in dedifferentiated cells in vitro of various yew species and feasibility of industrial use of cell cultures for production of taxoids. We revealed a number of specificity of <italic>Taxus</italic> spp. Cell cultures: (1) from a cytophysiological aspect—difficult initiation of cell cultures, their low growth characteristics, specific media and culturing conditions; (2) from a phytochemical aspect—distinction from intact plants in qualitative composition and content of secondary metabolites accounted for by specificity of cell culture as a biological system; predominant formation of С14-hydroxylated rather than of С13-hydroxylated taxoids; an opportunity for elevation of the content of taxoids—including commercially valuable ones (paclitaxel and baccatin III) with the aid of different tools (elicitation, stress exposures, two-phase cultivation and some others); (3) from a biotechnological aspect—possibility of industrial cultivation of yew cell cultures; existence of several successful industries (Germany and the Republic of Korea).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Род <italic>Taxus</italic> (тис) является источником ряда фармацевтически ценных веществ, в частности паклитаксела (таксола) – сложного дитерпеноидного соединения с мощным противоопухолевым действием (коммерческое название – Taxol®). Паклитаксел является одним из самых успешных препаратов в химиотерапии, благодаря своему специфическому действию на подавление пролиферации опухолевых клеток в опухолях путем стабилизации их микротрубочек. Мировой спрос на таксол составляет 800–1000 кг в г., и этот показатель ежегодно увеличивается на 20%. Растущая потребность в паклитакселе и его производных и, как следствие, дефицит растительных ресурсов для их получения, сделал соединения таксанового ряда одним из наиболее важных объектов для разработки биотехнологических способов их производства. Из всех возможных методов получения таксола (из дикорастущих или выращенных на плантациях деревьев, полный химический синтез или полусинтез, использование культур клеток тиса, технологии метаболической инженерии, использование эндофитных грибов тиса) наиболее многообещающим представляется промышленное выращивание культур клеток <italic>Taxus</italic> spp. В представленном обзоре проведен анализ работ, посвященных изучению вторичного метаболизма в дедифференцированных клетках in vitro разных видов тиса и возможностям промышленного применения культур клеток для получения таксоидов. Выявлен ряд закономерностей, характерных для культур клеток <italic>Taxus</italic> spp.: для цитофизиологических аспектов – сложность получения культур клеток, их низкие ростовые характеристики, специфические среды и условия культивирования; для фитохимических аспектов – отличия, по сравнению с интактными растениями, в качественном составе и количественном содержании вторичных метаболитов, которые обусловлены спецификой культуры клеток как биологической системы; образование преимущественно С14-гидроксилированных, но не С13-гидоксилированных таксоидов; возможность повышения уровня содержания таксоидов – в том числе коммерчески ценных (паклитаксела, бакатина III) с применением различных подходов (элиситация, стрессовые воздействия, двухфазное культивирование и ряд других); для биотехнологических аспектов – возможность промышленного выращивания культур клеток тиса; наличие нескольких успешных производств (Германия, Республика Корея).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Taxus spp., secondary metabolism, plant cell culture, paclitaxel, taxoids, yew</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Taxus spp.</kwd><kwd>вторичный метаболизм</kwd><kwd>культура клеток высших растений</kwd><kwd>паклитаксел</kwd><kwd>таксоиды</kwd><kwd>тис</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Murthy H.N., Dandin V.S., Joseph K.S., Park S.Y., Paek K.Y. 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