<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Astronomy Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Astronomy Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Астрономический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0004-6299</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">355486</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S3034518925110066</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">MEASUREMENT OF RADIO EMISSION SCATTERING PARAMETERS AT THE FREQUENCY 1650 MHz IN THE DIRECTION OF PULSAR B1937+21 WITH GROUND-SPACE INTERFEROMETER RADIOASTRON</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ ПАРАМЕТРОВ РАССЕЯНИЯ РАДИОИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ НА ЧАСТОТЕ 1650 МГц В НАПРАВЛЕНИИ ПУЛЬСАРА В1937+21 С ПОМОЩЬЮ НАЗЕМНО-КОСМИЧЕСКОГО ИНТЕРФЕРОМЕТРА РАДИОАСТРОН</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fadeev</surname><given-names>E. N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фадеев</surname><given-names>Е. Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>fadeev@asc.rssi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Burgin</surname><given-names>M. S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бургин</surname><given-names>М. С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>M. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>М. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudnitskiy</surname><given-names>A. G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рудницкий</surname><given-names>А. Г</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>T. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Т. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Soglasnov</surname><given-names>V. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Согласнов</surname><given-names>В. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Astrospace Center of P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Физический институт им. П. Н. Лебедева Российской академии наук, Астрокосмический центр</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Puschino Radio Astronomical Observatory of the Astrospace Center of P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Физический институт им. П. Н. Лебедева Российской академии наук, Пущинская радиоастрономическая обсерватория АКЦ ФИАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-11-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 102, NO11 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 102, №11 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>1022</fpage><lpage>1035</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-02"><day>02</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-11-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/0004-6299/article/view/355486">https://journals.rcsi.science/0004-6299/article/view/355486</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>As part of the Early Science Program of the RadioAstron project, the millisecond pulsar B1937+21 was observed in October 2012. The total duration of the experiment supported by eight ground-based radio telescopes was about three hours. The radiation in both circular polarizations in the frequency band of 1644–1676 MHz was recorded. Characteristic time and frequency scales of scintillation caused by the scattering on the interstellar plasma density fluctuations were measured: Δ<sub>diff</sub> = 275.2 ± 0.1 s and Δ<sub>V diff</sub> = 580 ± 30 kHz. The angular diameter of the scattering disk, θ<sub>H</sub> = 0.32 ± 0.03 mas, have been estimated from the drop-off of the amplitude of the interferometric response at the ground-space baselines. The dependence of the visibility amplitude on the delay shows two scattering time scales: τ<sub>sc1</sub> = 110 ± 30 ns and τ<sub>sc2</sub> = 750 ± 100 ns, which indicates an ellipse-like scattering disc with an axis ratio of 2.6:1. The drift of the visibility maximum on the residual interference frequency that was observed at the intercontinental baselines can be explained by atmospheric effects, the dominant contribution being the additional phase shift in the troposphere above European stations.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В рамках Ранней научной программы проекта Радиоастрон в октябре 2012 г. были проведены наблюдения миллисекундного пульсара В1937+21. Общая продолжительность эксперимента, в котором участвовали 8 наземных радиотелескопов, составила около трех часов. Регистрировалось излучение в обеих круговых поляризациях в полосе частот 1644–1676 МГц. Измерены характерные временной и частотный масштабы мерцаний, вызванных рассеянием на неоднородностях межзвездной плазмы: Δ<sub>diff</sub> = 275.2± 0.1 с и Δ<sub>V diff</sub> = 580± 30 кГц. По падению амплитуды интерферометрического отклика на наземно-космических базах был оценен угловой диаметр диска рассеяния, θ<sub>H</sub> = 0.32± 0.03 mas. По зависимости амплитуды функции видности от запаздывания обнаружены два характерных времени рассеяния, τ<sub>кс1</sub> =110± 30 нс и τ<sub>кс2</sub> = 750±100 нс, что указывает на вытянутую форму диска рассеяния с отношением осей 2.6:1. Показано, что дрейф максимума функции видности по частоте интерференции, наблюдаемый на межконтинентальных базах, может быть объяснен влиянием атмосферы, причем доминирующим эффектом является дополнительный набег фазы в тропосфере над европейскими станциями.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>interstellar plasma</kwd><kwd>radio pulsars</kwd><kwd>interstellar scintillation</kwd><kwd>VLBI</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>межзвездная плазма</kwd><kwd>радиопульсары</kwd><kwd>межзвездные мерцания</kwd><kwd>РСДБ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Проект Радиоастрон осуществлялся Астрокосмическим центром Физического института им. П. Н. Лебедева Российской академии наук и Научно-производственным объединением им. С. А. Лавочкина по контракту с Госкорпорацией РОСКОСМОС совместно с многими научно-техническими организациями в России и в других странах.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>E.N. Fadeev, A.S. Andrianov, M.S. Burgin, M.V. Popov, A.G. Rudnitskiy, T.V. Smirnova, and V.A. Soglasnov, Astron. Rep. 68(11), 1076 (2024).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>M.V. Popov, N. Bartel, A.S. Andrianov, M.S. Burgin, et al., Astrophys. J. 954(2), id. 126 (2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>M.B. Попов, T.B. Смирнова, Астрон. журн. 98(11), 929 (2021).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>H. Ding, A.T. Deller, B.W. Stappers, T.J.W. Lazio, et al., Monthly Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 519(4), 4982 (2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>V.M. Kaspi, J.H. Taylor, and M.F. Ryba. Astrophys. J. 428, 713 (1994).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>D.C. Backer, S.R. Kulkarni, C. Heiles, M.M. Davis, and W.M. Goss, Nature (London) 300(5893), 615 (1982).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>A. Kinkhabwala and S.E. Thorsett, Astrophys. J. 535(1), 365 (2000).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>J.W. McKee, B.W. Stappers, C.G. Bassa, S. Chen, et al., Monthly Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 483(4), 4784 (2019).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>V.A. Soglasnov, M.V. Popov, N. Bartel, W. Cannon, A.Yu. Novikov, V.I. Kondratiev, and V.I. Altunin, Astrophys. J. 616(1), 439 (2004).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>V.I. Kondratiev, M.V. Popov, V.A. Soglasnov, Y.Y. Kovalev, N. Bartel, and F. Ghigo, in WE-Heraeus Seminar on Neutron Stars and Pulsars 40 years after the Discovery, edited by W. Becker and H. H. Huang, p. 76 (2007).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>S.F. Likhachev, V.I. Kostenko, I.A. Girin, A.S. Andrianov, A.G. Rudnitskiy, and V.E. Zharov, J. Astron. Instrument. 6(3), id. 1750004-131 (2017).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>V.I. Shishov, T.V. Smirnova, W. Sieber, V.M. Malofeev, et al., Astron. and Astrophys. 404, 557 (2003).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>J.E. Turner, T. Dolch, J.M. Cordes, S.K. Ocker, et al., Astrophys. J. 972(1), id. 16 (2024).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>R.W. Romani, R. Narayan, and R. Blandford, Monthly Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 220, 19 (1986).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>V.I. Kondratiev, M.V. Popov, V.A. Soglasnov, Y.Y. Kovalev, N. Bartel, W. Cannon, and A.Yu. Novikov, Astron. Astrophys. Trans. 26(6), 585 (2007).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>R. Ramachandran, P. Demorest, D.C. Backer, I. Cognard, and A. Lommen, Astrophys. J. 645(1), 303 (2006).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>T.V. Smirnova, V.I. Shishov, M.V. Popov, C.R. Gwinn, et al., Astrophys. J. 786, id. 115 (2014).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>M.V. Popov, N. Bartel, C.R. Gwinn, M.D. Johnson, et al., Monthly Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 465(1), 978 (2017).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>C.R. Gwinn, J.M. Cordes, N. Bartel, A. Wolszczan, and R.L. Mutel, Astrophys. J. Letters 334, L13 (1988).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>B.J. Rickett, Astrophys. J. 197, 185 (1975).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>M.V. Popov, N. Bartel, M.S. Burgin, C.R. Gwinn, T.V. Smirnova, and V.A. Soglasnov, Astrophys. J. 888(2), id. 57 (2020).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>C.R. Gwinn, M.V. Popov, N. Bartel, A.S. Andrianov, et al., Astrophys. J. 822, id. 96 (2016).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>D.R. Stinebring, M.A. McLaughlin, J.M. Cordes, K.M. Becker, J.E. Espinoza Goodman, M.A. Kramer, J.L. Sheckard, and C.T. Smith, Astrophys. J. Letters 549(1), L97 (2001).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>M.A. Walker, D.B. Melrose, D.R. Stinebring, and C.M. Zhang, Monthly Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 354(1), 43 (2004).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>J.M. Cordes, B.J. Rickett, D.R. Stinebring, and W.A. Coles, Astrophys. J. 637(1), 346 (2006).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>A.R. Thompson, J.M. Moran, and G.W. Swenson, Jr., Interferometry and Synthesis in Radio Astronomy, 3rd Edition (Cham: Springer, 2017).</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
