Relative paleointensity of geomagnetic field during the last 9000 years estimated by the pseudo Thellier method from the bottom sediments of Lake Shira, Northern Khakassia

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Abstract

The results of rock magnetic studies and determination of relative paleointensity from sediments of Lake Shira, Khakassia, are presented. The NRM carrier minerals were determined from the hysteresis parameters, thermomagnetic and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The age of the sediments was determined by radiocarbon dating. According to these measurements, the column spans about 9100 years. The qualitative determinations of relative paleointensity were obtained from linear segments of the pseudo-Arai–Nagata diagrams. The quality of the determinations was evaluated by the following criteria: number of points used to calculate the slope; quality criterion (q), fraction of NRM destroyed in the paleointensity determination interval, and relative paleointensity determination error (σ). According to rock magnetic studies and XRD analysis, the magnetization carriers are represented mainly by single-domain and pseudo-single-domain magnetite and hematite. The comparison of the obtained series of relative paleointensity data with both the model paleointensity values calculated for Shira coordinates from various models (CALS10K.1b [Korte et al., 2011], PFM9k.1 [Nilsson et al., 2014], HFM.OL1.AL1, CALS10k.2 ARCH10k.1 [Constable et al., 2016]) and with absolute paleointensity, as well as the aggregate results of the studies on sedimentary and igneous rocks and on archaeomagnetic objects has shown that these data are in good agreement with each other and have common trends. This provides a rationale for using this methodology to determine paleointensity from sediments of modern lakes using the pseudo-Thellier method.

About the authors

D. M. Kuzina

Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University

Author for correspondence.
Email: di.kuzina@gmail.com

Институт геологии и нефтегазовых технологий

Russian Federation, Kazan, 420008

V. P. Shcherbakov

Geophysical Observatory “Borok,” Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: shcherbakovv@list.ru
Russian Federation, Borok, Yaroslavl oblast, 152742

N. V. Salnaia

Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: natasavi@inbox.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119017

A. R. Yusupova

Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University

Email: yusupovaanast095@gmail.com

Институт геологии и нефтегазовых технологий

Russian Federation, Kazan, 420008

H-Ch. Li

National Taiwan University

Email: hcli1960@ntu.edu.tw
Taiwan, Province of China, Taipei, 106319

D. K. Nurgaliev

Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University

Email: Danis.Nourgaliev@kpfu.ru

Институт геологии и нефтегазовых технологий

Russian Federation, Kazan, 42000

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Location of Lake Shira. A red dot marks the place of sampling of the examined core (54°31'12.3" N, 90°10'38.6" E).

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3. Fig. 2. Age of lake sediments according to core column 3 obtained using the polynomial equation and the Bacon model. The final age model is based on the Bacon model above 426 cm and on the basis of a polynomial equation below this level.

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4. Fig. 3. Distribution of hysteresis parameters over the core column.

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5. Fig. 4. Day–Dunlop diagram. The samples used for the analysis of relative paleointension are presented (the selection criteria are indicated in the text of the article). Single–domain and small pseudodomain grains are purple, large pseudodomain grains are red, samples with abnormal properties are blue and green.

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6. Fig. 5. Thermomagnetic curves: (a) – sample 545 (90 cm); (b) – sample 546 (92 cm) after etching of organic matter (initial state); (c) – treatment with hydrogen peroxide; (d) – treatment with kerosene.

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7. Fig. 6. Examples of Ndr determination by the pseudo-Atelier method. From left to right: pseudo-Arai–Nagata diagram; NRM, ARM and ARM magnetization curves; Zijderveld diagram; Arai–Nagata diagram (ARMleft–ARMgained).

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8. Fig. 7. Comparison of the lake inclination. Shira: (a) – the results correspond to the radiocarbon age; (b) – the age results are shifted by 850 years with model values calculated for different models for the coordinates of the lake. Shira.

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9. Fig. 8. Comparison of relative paleointension values calculated in two ways: (a) from the ratio NRM/ARMmax multiplied by the laboratory field (50 µT); (b) by the pseudo-Tellier method.

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10. Fig. 9. Comparison of new data on the relative paleointension of the lake. The Shire, the average values of relative paleointension in the lake. The width and model values calculated for different models for the coordinates of the lake. Shira. All values of relative paleointension (points on the graph) are multiplied by a factor of 4.25 so that the average values of pseudo-Cell data and model lake data. The Shira matched.

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11. Fig. 10. Comparison of new data on the relative paleointension of the lake. The Shire, the average values of relative paleointension in the lake. The shire calculated by the 11-point moving average method and CALS10k model data.2 for the coordinates of the lake. Shire (54.5° s.w., 89.9° v.d.) [Constable, 2016], as well as samples from the Geomagia database [Brown et al., 2015] for coordinates 46-57°s.w. and 102-115°v.d. All values of relative paleointension (points on the graph) are multiplied by a factor of 4.25 so that the average values of pseudo-Cell data and model lake data. The Shira matched.

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